Falling drops of water become spheres due to
-
adhesion -
cohesion -
surface tension -
viscosity.
The line joining the points to which the liquid rises in vertical piezometer tubes fitted at different cross-sections of a conduit, is known as
-
hydraulic gradient -
piezometric line -
pressure grade line -
hydraulic grade line -
all the above.
The length of hydraulic jump is roughly
-
2 to 3 times its height -
3 to 5 times its height -
5 to 7 times its height -
None of these.
Most economical section of a circular channel for maximum velocity, is if,
-
depth of water = 0.810 diameter -
hydraulic mean depth = 0.304 diameter -
wetted perimeter = 2.245 diameters -
all the above.
The value of kinetic energy correction factor (a) for a laminar flow through a circular pipe, is
-
0.5 -
1.0 -
l.5 -
2.0 -
2.5
The most efficient channel section, is
-
semi-circular -
rectangular -
triangular -
half hexagon in the form of trapezoid.
Practical fluids possess
-
viscosity -
surface tension -
compressibility -
all the above.
The velocity of flow (v) at the outlet of a syphon of length l, is given by
The flow in which each liquid particle has a definite path and the paths of adjacent particles do not cross each other, is called
-
stream line flow -
uniform flow -
steady flow -
turbulent flow.
A rise or fall of liquid in a glass tube of a very small diameter when dipped is
-
directly proportional to the force per unit length of periphery -
direcly proportional to the sine of the angle of contact -
directly proportional to the specific weight of liquid -
inversely proportional to the diameter of the glass tube.
With a clinging nappe of a weir, the excess discharge, is
-
6% to 7% -
8% to 10% -
18% to 20% -
25% to 30% -
30% to 40%.
The depth of the centre of pressure on a vertical rectangular gate (4 m wide, 3 m high) with water upto top surface, is
-
1.0 m -
1.5 m -
2.0 m -
2.5 m.
A rise or fall of liquid in a glass tube of a very small diameter when dipped is
-
directly proportional to the force per unit length of periphery -
direcly proportional to the sine of the angle of contact -
directly proportional to the specific weight of liquid -
inversely proportional to the diameter of the glass tube.
The flow in open channel is laminar if the Reynold number is
-
less than 500 -
more than 500 -
1000 -
none of these.
To measure very low pressure, we use
-
barometers -
piezometers -
manometers -
differential manometers.
The formula Q = m x L x 2g x H3/2 where 
was suggested by :
-
Bazin -
Francis -
Cipolletti -
None of these.
For steady flow in open channels, which one of the following does not change :
-
depth of flow -
velocity of flow -
rate of flow -
All of these.
The differential equation dp/ρ + gdz + vdv = 0 for a fluid motion is suggested by
-
Bernoulli -
Cauchy-Riemann -
Laplace -
Leonard Euler.
For critical flow, the Froude number is :
-
1.0 -
less than 1.0 -
more than 1.0 -
2
The flow in open channel is laminar if the Reynold number is
-
less than 500 -
more than 500 -
1000 -
none of these.
If E1 and E2 are the specific energies at the start of back water curve and at the maximum rise of water respectively and ib and ie are the head slope and the energy line slope respectively, the length of back water (L) is given by
-
-
-
-
None of these.
If E1 and E2 are the specific energies at the start of back water curve and at the maximum rise of water respectively and ib and ie are the head slope and the energy line slope respectively, the length of back water (L) is given by
-
-
-
-
None of these.
A steady uniform flow is through
-
a long pipe at decreasing rate -
a long pipe at constant rate -
an expanding tube at constant rate -
an expanding tube at increasing rate -
a long pipe at increasing rate.
Cavitation is caused by
-
Low pressure -
High pressure -
Low velocity -
High velocity -
None of these.
For the most economical trapezoidal open channel,
-
half of the top width must be equal to one of the sloping sides -
the hydraulic mean depth must be equal to half the depth of flow -
the semicircle drawn with top width as diameter must touch the three sides of the channel -
All of these.
In pipe lines, a surge tank is provided
-
to relieve the pressure due to water hammer -
to provide additional water head -
to overflow the pipe line when suddenly closed -
to remove the frictional loss in pipe.
If the forces are due to inertia and gravity, and frictional resistance plays only a minor role, the design of the channels is made by comparing
-
Reynold number -
Froude number -
Weber number -
Mach number.
Liquids
-
cannot be compressed -
do not occupy definite shape -
are not affected by change in pressure and temperature -
none of these.
The instrument used for measuring the velocity of flow, is known as
-
venturimeter -
orifice meter -
pitot tube -
none of these.
Flow of water in pipes of diameter more than 3 metres, can be measured by
-
pitot tube -
venturimeter -
orifice plate -
rotameter.