Explanation: Cyber Security provides security to a system against cyber-attacks by using various technologies, and processes.

Explanation: It protects internet-connected systems such as hardware, software, and data from cyber-attacks. It aims to reduce cyber attacks against the system, network, and technologies by reducing unauthorized exploitation, vulnerability, and threats.

Explanation: August Kerckhoffs, a linguist and German professor at HEC, wrote an essay in the Journal of Military Science in February 1883. Kerckhoff had unwittingly established the foundations for contemporary encryption, earning him the title of “Father of Computer Security.”

Explanation: An effort to steal, spy on, damage, or destroy diverse components of cyberspace, such as computer systems, related peripherals, network systems, and information, is known as a cyber attack.

Explanation: Denial of Service, Man in the Middle, and Malware exploit the system causing a threat to security, hence they are considered as cybercrime. AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) provides security by encrypting the data.

Explanation: The advantages are minimization of computer freezing and crashes, user privacy, and protection against viruses, worms, etc. Disadvantages include the system becoming slow, configuring firewalls correctly can be difficult, need to update the new software in order to keep security up to date.

Explanation: William Gibson, an American-Canadian fiction pioneer, and coiner, examined the many streams of technology and invented the word “cyberspace” in 1821. The phrase refers to linked technologies that aid in information exchange, interaction with digital devices, storage and digital entertainment, computer and network security, and other information technology-related matters.

Explanation: In the case of hackers in the 1970s, hackers and cyber thieves found out how wired technologies operate and how they might be abused to obtain a competitive edge or misuse the technology.

Explanation: A threat is a possible danger that might lead to a security breach and cause harm to the system or network. Vulnerability is a word that refers to a flaw in a network or system that might be exploited by an attacker. Exploiting a security flaw might result in unexpected and unwanted effects. A cyber-attack is an attempt by attackers to alter, delete, steal or expose any specific data by gaining unauthorized access.

Explanation: A threat is defined as a potential hazard that might result in a breach of security and cause harm to the system or network. Vulnerability is a term that refers to a weakness in a network or system that an attacker may exploit. Exploiting a weakness in security might have unintended and undesirable consequences.

Explanation: Pharming is a strategy and approach used by cybercriminals to create phony web pages and sites in order to mislead users into giving over personal information such as login IDs and passwords.

Explanation: Peer-to-peer includes phishing, as well as the distribution of Trojans and worms to individuals. The leakage of a huge number of people’s credit card data on the deep web, on the other hand, is classified as a computer-as-weapon cyber-crime.

Explanation: The excess data that contains certain specific instructions in the memory for actions are projected by a cyber-criminal or penetration tester to break the system in a buffer-overflow attack.

Explanation: Enumeration by cyber-attackers is also feasible via websites since attackers target websites in order to obtain the victim’s or target user’s IP address.