Explanation: cout in C++ uses << operator to print anything so << operator is overloaded for a cout object.

Explanation: Virtual keyword cannot be used with constructors as constructors are defined to initialized an object of particular class hence no other class needs constructor of other class.

Explanation: Virtual functions are used to implement the concept of late binding i.e. binding actual functions to their calls.

Explanation: C++ allows both static and dynamic type checking i.e. types are checked by the compiler.

Explanation: As we will be using the existing code therefore we don’t need to check the code again and again so testing and maintenance time decreases but the compiler time may increase or remains same because though we are reusing the code but every part needs to be compiled and extra include statement needs to be executed therefore compilation time may remain same or increases.

Explanation: All the options mentioned above uses static polymorphism mechanism. As the conflicts in all these types of functions are resolved during compile-time.

Explanation: Both statements are false because all the operators of C++ cannot be overloaded and the basic meaning of an operator cannot be changed, we can only give new meaning to an operator.

Explanation: Distributive is not a type of inheritance whereas others are a type of inheritance having their own meaning.

Explanation: In Procedural programming like C we don’t have the concept of polymorphism, therefore, all the function calls are resolved at the compile-time but in case of OOP languages sue to polymorphism concept all function calls are not resolved at compile-time.

Explanation: Private members of a class are inherited to the child class but are not accessible from the child class.

Explanation: Friend functions can access any member of a class without caring about the type of member i.e. without caring whether it is private, protected or public.

Explanation: Though C does not allows member functions in structures but C++ allows structures to have member functions. Members of structures are public by default and those of classes are private by default. Classes can have protected data members.

Explanation: Abstract class should have at least one pure virtual function. Therefore to declare an abstract class one should declare a pure virtual function in a class.

Explanation: An object is an instance of a class i.e. an object represents a class i.e. what class has(data members) and what it can do(member functions).