The aisles and stairwells on a bus must always be kept clear. It is important to keep aisles clear so that no passengers trip while using them.

When stopping a bus at either an intermediate stop or its final destination, the driver should announce the location of the stop, the reason for stopping, the next departure time, and the bus number.

If you are being tailgated, you should increase the distance between your vehicle and the vehicle ahead. This will reduce your need to make sudden moves, and will also allow the tailgater more room to pass you. Speeding up when being tailgated is not advised because it may result in the tailgater continuing to follow you closely at the higher speed, only increasing the danger.

Buses should be inspected at the end of every trip. Key safety items could have been damaged by passengers, so an inspection allows these damages to be repaired before another trip is made.

You will be asked to change lanes during the on-road driving test. When the examiner asks you to do this, you should make the necessary traffic checks and use the proper signals before changing lanes.

It is important to observe other drivers' actions and identify clues that a person could be driving impaired. Drivers who have had too much to drink, are sleepy, are on drugs, or are ill can present hazards to other drivers. One sign that a driver may be impaired is that they stop in inappropriate places, such as at green traffic lights.

Distracted drivers perceive hazards on the road more slowly than drivers who are focused, or they do not perceive hazards at all.

One way to know when it is time to shift gears is to learn your vehicle's operating rpm range. You should shift up when your engine reaches the top of that range. You can also learn which speeds each gear is good for and shift up based on your speedometer.

You must have a commercial driver license to operate a vehicle designed to seat 16 or more people, including the driver.

If you must back up, it is safest to back toward the driver's side of the vehicle. This way, as the driver, you will have the best possible view of your path of travel.

If confronted by an aggressive driver, it is most important to get out of their way, if possible. Do not make eye contact with the driver, as doing so could provoke them. Do not let them provoke you with their actions.

When stopped on the side of the road, be sure to turn on your vehicle's four-way emergency flashers, especially during times of lowered visibility. Place warning devices within 10 minutes of being stopped.

The risk of hydroplaning begins when water has collected on the surface of a road.

If your on-road driving test route does not include a railroad crossing, you may be asked to explain and demonstrate the proper railroad crossing procedures to the examiner at a simulated location.

A pre-trip inspection should be completed in the same way before every drive. Consistency will help you learn all of the proper steps and decrease the likelihood that you will forget to check something.

When using your turn signals, you should signal well before the turn or lane change, signal continuously throughout the turn or lane change, and cancel the signal after you have completed your move.

To avoid hitting vehicles behind you, you must ensure that your vehicle will not roll backward when you start moving forward from a stopped position.

Black ice is a layer of ice that is thin and clear enough for the road to be visible through it. The surface will look like a wet road. Always be alert to black ice if the road looks wet when the temperature is below freezing.

Tires should never have too much air pressure. Be sure to check your tires' air pressure with a gauge during inspections.

Being properly rested is essential to the safe operation of a CMV. To maintain alertness, most people need eight to nine hours of sleep per night.