Explanation: Some of the pharmacokinetic factors such as fraction bioavailable, elimination half-life or total systemic clearance at different doses of drug normally remains constant. If any changes occur in these constants, this indicates nonlinearity.

Explanation: Nonlinearity in drug absorption can arise from 3 important sources these are when absorption is solubility or dissolution rate-limited, when absorption involves carrier-mediated transport systems and when presystemic gut wall or hepatic metabolism attains saturation. Nonlinearity in drug distribution occurs when saturation of binding sites on plasma proteins or saturation of tissue binding sites.

Explanation: The kinetics of capacity-limited or saturation process is described by Michaelis-Menten equation, the equation is –dC/dt = Vmax C/Km+C, where –dC/dt = rate of decline of drug concentration with time, Vmax is the theoretical maximum rate of the process and Km is Michaelis constant.

Explanation: The plot is of Michaelis-Menten equation –dC/dt = Vmax C/Km+C, Initially the rate increases linearly with concentration thus showing first order kinetics. It becomes mixed order at higher concentration and then reaches maximum Vmax. Beyond this, it proceeds at a constant rate.

Explanation: The plot is of Michaelis-Menten equation –dC/dt = Vmax C/Km+C, Initially the rate increases linearly with concentration thus showing first order kinetics. At lower doses, it follows 1st order kinetics. It becomes mixed order at higher concentration and then reaches maximum Vmax. Beyond this, it proceeds at a constant rate thus following zero order kinetics.

Explanation: The plot is of Michaelis-Menten equation –dC/dt = Vmax C/Km+C, Initially the rate increases linearly with concentration thus showing first order kinetics. It becomes mixed order at intermediate doses and then reaches maximum Vmax. Beyond this, it proceeds at a constant rate.

Explanation: The plot is of Michaelis-Menten equation –dC/dt = Vmax C/Km+C, Initially the rate increases linearly with concentration thus showing first order kinetics. At lower doses, it follows 1st order kinetics. It becomes mixed order at intermediate doses and then reaches maximum Vmax. Beyond this, it proceeds at a constant rate thus following zero order kinetics.