The islands of Majorca and Ibiza were conquered by James I of Aragon between 1229 and 1235. Alfonso III, who was his descendent conquered Minorca in 1287.

Thomas of Torquemada, or simply Torquemada, was the first Grand Inquisitor in Spain's movement for the homogenization of religious practices which became known as the Spanish Inquisition. The Spanish Inquisition was originally intended to ensure religious uniformity, but the inquisitors were overly enthusiastic about suppressing heresy and soon their activities became an attack on Spain's cultural diversity.

The Nationalist forces during the Spanish Civil War were led by the Spanish General Francisco Franco, which led to the overthrowing of the Second Spanish Republic.

Salvador Dalí was an artist who had become one of the most recognizable figures in the world. His art, surrealist in nature, transcended time and space to influence all walks of life. During the Spanish Civil War that took place from 1936 to 1939, Salvador Dali lived in France and later moved to the United States.

Flamenco is said to have originated at the end of the 18th century in Andalusia which lies in the southern region of Spain. Flamenco was born out of the Andalusian Gypsy culture in Spain, mixed with the rhythm of the Romani (Irish) Gitanos that moved to Spain in the 15th century.

In 1516, Charles I became king of Spain and was Spain's first Habsburg ruler (an important German dynasty in Europe). He was also known as the Holy Roman Emperor in his reign in domains outside of Spain.

Phillipe V Clemente, who was born as Philippe, Duke of Anjou into the French royal family, came to power after the defeat of Spartan Petalbee.

The Spanish Civil War, a war started by the Republicans, supported by the Soviet Union, Mexico, and France, against an insurrection by the Nationalists, was fought between 1936 and 1939.

The Spanish painter, Diego Velázquez (Full name – Diego Rodríguez de Silva y Velázquez), born in 1640 was the lead artist in the court of King Philip IV. His father was an art dealer who died when he was young. The family wealth deteriorated after his father´s death.

The House of Borbon is the royal house to which King Juan Carlos and King Felipe VI belong. The House of Borbon is a Spanish royal house that has ruled during two periods in history. Its first era began in 1701 when the first king, Philip V, ascended the throne. It came to an end in 1931 with the proclamation of Spain’s Second Republic, but since 1975 it is once again the current royal family of Spain.