Alluvium, material deposited by rivers. It is usually most extensively developed in the lower part of the course of a river, forming floodplains and deltas, but may be deposited at any point where the river overflows its banks or where the velocity of a river is checked—for example, where it runs into a lake. The flood plain along river banks formed by newer alluvium is called Khaddar.

India established Durgapur, Rourkela and Bhilai steel plants in collaboration with Britain, Germany and Russia respectively. Durgapur - Britain, Rourkela - Germany, Bhilai - Russia.

Shale, sandstone, and limestone are the most common types of sedimentary rocks.

Basalt and granite actually have quite a bit in common. Both are igneous rocks, which means that they cooled from a magma (the earth gets very hot just below the surface, and there is lots of liquid rock available). Both are made up of minerals from the silicate group, so both have large amounts of silicon and oxygen.

Black soil is also called Regur soil. It is black in colour and ideal for growing cotton. This type of soil is typical of the Deccan trap (Basalt) region spread over North-West Deccan plateau and is made up of lava flows.

The radius of the earth is 6370 km.

The mantle extends from Moho's discontinuity (35 km) to a depth of 2,900 km (Moho-Discontinuity to the outer core). The crust and the uppermost part of the mantle are called lithosphere. Its thickness ranges from 10-200 km. The lower mantle extends beyond the asthenosphere.

The solid, inner core of iron has a radius of about 760 miles (about 1,220 km), according to NASA. It is surrounded by a liquid, outer core composed of a nickel-iron alloy.

The two main types of waves are body waves and surface waves. Body waves can travel through the earth's inner layers, but surface waves can only move along the surface of the planet like ripples on water. Earthquakes radiate seismic energy as both body and surface waves.

The Mercalli scale, named after Giuseppe Mercalli, measures the intensity of an earthquake by determining an earthquake's effects.

In India, the highest rainfall occurs along the West Coast (on the Western Ghats), North-East and hills of Meghalaya.

Monpa, Daffla, Abor, Mishmi, Nishi and Nagas are the prominent tribal communities found in Arunachal Himalayas area.

Gomarda wildlife sanctuary stretched across 277.82 sq. km. is 52 km. away from Raigarh and is named after the village Gomarda situated inside the sanctuary.

The narrow meandering bands of swift winds which blow in the mid latitudes near the tropo pause and encircle the globe are known as Jet Stream.

Gneiss is a common and widely distributed type of metamorphic rock. Gneiss is formed by high temperature and high-pressure metamorphic processes acting on formations composed of igneous or sedimentary rocks. Orthogneiss is gneiss derived from igneous rock (such as granite).

As per 2011 census data lowest decadal growth rate (state) has been registered in Kerala (4.86%).

India is world's second largest tea producer after China. In 2013, India's estimated tea production was 900 million kilograms, which counts for around 23-24% of global tea production. The top five producer countries of tea are China, India, Kenya, Sri Lanka and Turkey.

The Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve was the first biosphere reserve in India established in the year 1986. It is located in the Western Ghats and includes 2 of the 10 biogeographical provinces of India. Wide ranges of ecosystems and species diversity are found in this region.

The Nanda Devi National Park or Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve, established in 1982 , is a national park situated around the peak of Nanda Devi in the state of Uttarakhand in northern India. The entire park lies at an elevation of more than 3,500 m above mean sea level.

The average rainfall in India is about 125 cm.

Tsunami is a Japanese word from a double root: tsu, meaning port or harbour, and nami, meaning wave. The word looks innocuous in simple translation, but to those who live on the rim of the Pacific it can spell disaster. Tsunamis are fast moving ocean waves which spread across the open water like ripples on a pond.

The company was founded on 7 November 1975 as "National Thermal Power Corporation Private Limited". In 1983, NTPC began commercial operations (of selling power) and earned profits of INR 4.5 crores in FY 1982-83. By the end of 1985, it had achieved power generation capacity of 2000 MW.

The project is located at a distance of 16km downhill of the Pykara (Glenmorgan) power station. The Moyar HS also benefits by the water that is diverted from the Maravakandy Dam (located north-east of Masinagudi) through a flume channel.

Naharkatia (also spelled as Naharkatia or Nahorkatiya) is a town and a town area committee in Dibrugarh district in the Indian state of Assam. It is well known for petroleum and gas reserves. Earlier, Duliajan, the head office town of Oil India Limited was in its circle. However, the towns are close, within a 30-minute journey.

The Gujarat government is all set to develop India's first tidal energy plant. The state government has approved Rs. 25 crore for setting up the 50 MW plant at the Gulf of Kutch. It will produce energy from the ocean tides.

Dharan, Abquiq , Quatif, Ain Dar, Ghawar and Safanija are the chief oil fields (petroleum regions) located in Saudi Arabia.

Cumulonimbus (from Latin cumulus, "heaped" and nimbus, "rainstorm") is a dense, towering vertical cloud, forming from water vapour carried by powerful upward air currents. If observed during a storm, these clouds may be referred to as thunderheads.

The principal tributaries of the Barak in India are the Jirl, the Dhaleshwari, the Singla, the Longai, the Sonai and the Katakhal. From its source in the Manipur Hills near Mao Songsang, the river is known as the Barak River.

Cement industry is generally known as source of raw material.

The Narmada and the Tapti are major rivers that drain into the Arabian Sea. The Narmada originates in eastern Madhya Pradesh (India) and flows west across the state, through a narrow valley between the Vindhya Range and spurs of the Satpura Range. It flows into the Gulf of Khambhat.