Explanation: Robert H. Whittaker in 1969 proposed a five kingdom classification, i.e. Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia. Prokaryotes placed in separate kingdom Monera.

Explanation: Protists are mainly unicellular eukaryotic organism (some are multicellular), possess single cell. Due to the great diversity of this kingdom, protists are difficult to characterize.

Explanation: Protists have been divided into three categories, i.e. plant-like, animal-like, and fungi-like. Plant-like protists are protozoa, animal-like are known as protozoa, and fungi-like protists are water molds and slime molds.

Explanation: Leishmaniasis is also known as kala azar and is caused by Leishmania donovani (Mastigophora). Trypnosoma brucei causes African sleeping sickness which is transmitted by Tsetse fly. Trichomonas vaginalis causes Trichomoniasis and amoebiasis is caused by Entamoeba histolytica.

Explanation: Trypanosoma palladium causes syphilis, it is a spirochete bacterium. Malaria is caused by Plasmodium and is carried by mosquitoes. Balantidiasis is caused by Ciliophora and Giardiasis is caused by Giardia lambila.

Explanation: Dinoflagellates are unicellular and flagellated organisms which are mainly found in the marine ecosystem. Flagella show spinning type locomotion so, they are known as whirling whips.

Explanation: Diatoms are unicellular algae, which have glass-like wall made up of silicon dioxide embedded in the matrix. Their cell wall is a unique type and is known as frustle which is divided into epitheca and hypotheca.

Explanation: Mixotrophic is the mode of nutrition in which an organism uses both autotrophic and heterotrophic mode of nutrition. When sunlight is available, they show autotrophic but in absence, they become heterotrophic by absorbing nutrient from their environment.

Explanation: Oomycetes means egg fungus, it includes water molds, downey mildew, and the white rust. Unlike fungi, they do not have a cell wall made up of chitin so, the oomycetes has been shifted from kingdom fungi to the kingdom protists.

Explanation: Phytophthora infestans is the species of Oomycetes which causes late blight of potato. They are typically decomposers or parasites.