Explanation: The effect in the form of pitching of a ship produces forces on the bearings which acts in the following direction: horizontal to the motion and perpendicular to the motion in which the ship is travelling. Hence bearings experience the forces due to pitching.

Explanation: The angular acceleration is given by the formula : α = -Φ(ω1)2 sin (ω1t), hence the maximum will occur when sin (ω1t)=1.

Explanation: Pitching occurs about a transverse axis as a longitudinal oscillatory motion which is further assumed to be Simple Harmonic Motion.

Explanation: Motion of the spin axis about transverse axis undergoes SHM, the motion tends to be longitudinal oscillatory rotation about the transverse axis.

Explanation: Maximum couple depends on both angular velocity of rotor and angular velocity of precession, therefore it is maximum when ωp is maximum.

Explanation: During upward pitching, angular displacement of axis of spin from mean position is positive i.e Anti clockwise, therefore gyroscopic couple moves it towards right side or star board.

Explanation: During downward pitching, angular displacement of axis of spin from mean position is negative i.e Clockwise, therefore gyroscopic couple moves it towards left side or port-side.

Explanation: For pitching to occur, motion should be about a vertical plane about a Transverse axis, else the motion will not be considered pitching. If the movement is about the parallel axis then it is called Rolling.

Explanation: For a gyroscope couple effect to occur the axis of precession should always be perpendicular to the axis of spin, if this condition is not fulfilled then no effect will take place.

Explanation: The longitudinal axis is known as the axis of precession as it is along the direction of the acting force, about which the precession occurs.

Explanation: The axis of precession is parallel to the axis of spin during rolling for all positions, if this condition is not met then there can be other effects like pitching which can occur.

Explanation: Since the axis of precession is parallel to the axis of spin during rolling, the gyroscopic couple causes no change in motion of the ship, Hence no change occurs.

Explanation: There is no such motion as “lifting” hence no effect exists, while the effect of a gyroscopic couple is pronounced during pitching steering and rolling.

Explanation: Steering is the turning of a complete ship in a curve towards left or right, while it moves forward, while rolling is rocking from side to side.