In the breeder reactors the generation of new fissionable atom is at a higher rate than the consumption
It converts this isotope into fissionable uranium-233, which is capable of creating a chain reaction.

The nuclear radiators produced in a reactor which must be shielded are Neutron and gamma rays

A moderator generally used in nuclear power plants is Graphite and concrete

The primary fuel used in nuclear power plants is U₂₃₅ uranium Only 0.7% of natural uranium is 'fissile', or capable of undergoing fission, the process by which energy is produced in a nuclear reactor. The form, or isotope, of uranium which is fissile, is the uranium-235 (U-235) isotope.

The three most relevant fissile isotopes are Uranium-233, Uranium-235 and Plutonium-239.
When the unstable nuclei of these atoms are hit by a slow-moving neutron, they split, creating two daughter nuclei and two or three more neutrons.
These neutrons then go on to split more nuclei.
This creates a self-sustaining chain reaction that is controlled in a nuclear reactor, or uncontrolled in a nuclear weapon.

A boiling water reactor (BWR) uses demineralized water as a coolant and neutron moderator.
Heat is produced by nuclear fission in the reactor core, and this causes the cooling water to boil, producing steam.

Ideally the neutron flux in reactor should be Uniform throughout
Neutron flux is a total number of neutrons crossing a given surface per time unit.
The value of this flux depends on the spatial density of moving neutrons and on their speed.

Breeder reactors employ liquid metal coolant because it transfers heat from core at a fast rate

It has a large specific heat so that it is an efficient heat-transfer fluid. In practice, those reactors which have used liquid metal coolants have been fast-neutron reactors.

A pressurized water reactor employs pressurizes for maintain constant pressure in primary circuit under varying load
It is contained in a pressurized piping loop. The hot, pressurized water passes through a series of tubes inside the steam generator.

Neutron moderator. Neutron moderators are a type of material in a nuclear reactor that work to slow down the fast neutrons (produced by splitting atoms in fissile compounds like uranium-235), to make them more effective in the fission chain reaction.

A reflector is a region of unfueled material surrounding the core. Its function is to scatter neutrons that leak from the core, thereby returning some of them back into the core. This design feature allows for a smaller core siz

The presence of reflector in nuclear power plants results in Decreased leakage of neutrons

A reflector is a region of unfueled material surrounding the core. Its function is to scatter neutrons that leak from the core, thereby returning some of them back into the core. This design feature allows for a smaller core siz

Half life of a radioactive isotope corresponds to the time required for half of the atoms to decay

When a reactor becomes critical, then the production of neutrons is Exactly balanced by the loss of neutrons through leakage

The energy released during the fission of one atom of Uranium 235 in million electron volts is about 200

Plutonium is made from U-238.
Pu-239 is normally created in nuclear reactors by transmutation of individual atoms of one of the isotopes of uranium present in the fuel rods.
Occasionally, when an atom of U-238 is exposed to neutron radiation, its nucleus will capture a neutron, changing it to U-239.

A visual representation of an induced nuclear fission event where a slow-moving neutron is absorbed by the nucleus of a uranium-235 atom, which fissions into two fast-moving lighter elements (fission products) and additional neutrons.

Fast neutrons and gamma rays presance are serious difficulty in designing reactor shield

Uranium has isotopes
U₂₃₄
U₂₃₅
U₂₃₈

Graphite is the most commonly used moderator in nuclear plants

In a breeder reactor, the conversion ratio is higher than 1. "Break-even" is achieved when the conversion ratio reaches 1.0 and the reactor produces as much fissile material as it uses

Hydrogen is preferred as better coolant in comparison to CO₂ because former Has high specific heat

A schematic nuclear fission chain reaction. 1. A uranium-235 atom absorbs a neutron and fissions into two new atoms (fission fragments), releasing three new neutrons and some binding energy