NEET Biology MCQ - Breathing And Respiration Mcq - Quiz-10 Solution

Q.1.

Which one of the following statements is incorrect regarding the pharynx?

23%
a) Organ of upper respiratory tract.
31%
b) Connects to larynx.
31%
c) Contributes to the production of speech.
15%
d) Composed of smooth muscles.

Explanation

Q.2.

Asthma is due to:

23%
a) Elasticity of lungs is reduced.
31%
b) Degradation of alveolar wall.
38%
c) Bronchioles constrict due to muscular spasms.
8%
d) Damage in diaphragm.

Explanation

Q.3.

Which one of the following is NOT correct?

9%
a) The nasal cavity warms and humidifies the air before it enters the lungs.
36%
b) The right lung is composed of three lobes but left lung has only two lobes.
18%
c) Lung volumes and vital capacity measure lung functions.
36%
d) The visceral pleura is in direct contact with the chest wall.

Explanation

Q.4.

Which one of the following statements is NOT correct about primary bronchi?

29%
a) The trachea splits into the primary bronchi.
14%
b) Primary bronchi supply air to the right and left lungs.
14%
c) These are lined with stratified squamous epithelium.
43%
d) Supporting cartilage of primary bronchi is plate-like shaped.

Explanation

Q.5.

The respiratory membrane, through which gas must diffuse, consists of the followings EXCEPT:

17%
a) Alveolar cells and endothelial cells of the capillary.
67%
b) Lymphatic vessel basement membrane.
17%
c) Epithelial basement membrane.
0%
d) Capillary basement membrane.

Explanation

Q.6.

Which one of the following statements is incorrect?

0%
a) Tuberculosis is caused by a rod-shaped bacterium – Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
17%
b) Tuberculosis is highly infectious and can be spread by airborne droplets.
83%
c) Tuberculosis can’t be treated by antibiotics.
0%
d) In pulmonary tuberculosis, the elasticity of lungs is reduced.

Explanation

Q.7.

For efficient gas exchange, the membrane through which the exchange of gases takes place should have the following characteristics except:

29%
a) It should be easily permeable for O2 and CO2.
57%
b) It should be thick and highly vascular.
0%
c) Its surface area should be broad.
14%
d) It should be moist.

Explanation

Q.8.

The downward movement of rib cage is facilitated by:

43%
a) Contraction of external intercostal muscles.
0%
b) Cardiac muscles.
57%
c) Contraction of internal intercostal muscles.
0%
d) Tergo-sternal muscles.

Explanation

Q.9.

Which among the following statements is true about RBCs in humans?

14%
a) They carry about 20 – 25 percent of CO2 as carbaminohaemoglobin.
14%
b) They carry about 99.5 percent of O2.
43%
c) They transport 87 percent oxygen only and the rest 13 percent of it is transported in dissolved state in blood plasma
29%
d) They do not carry CO2 at all.

Explanation

Q.10.

Which two of the following changes (1-4) usually tend to occur in the plain dwellers when they move to high altitudes (3,500 m or more)? 1) Increases in red blood cell size 2) Increases in red blood cell production 3) Increased breathing rate 4) Increase in thrombocyte count Changes occurring are

43%
a) 2 and 3
43%
b) 3 and 4
14%
c) 1 and 4
0%
d) 1 and 2

Explanation

Q.11.

Find out the correct statements with regards to transport of gases: (i) About 97% of O2 is transported by the RBC in the blood. (ii) 40% of the CO2 is carried as bicarbonates. (iii) Only 1% of O2 is carried in a dissolved state through the plasma. (iv) About 20 – 25% of CO2 is carried by RBCs.

33%
a) (i) and (iii) are correct.
50%
b) (i) and (iv) are correct.
17%
c) (ii) and (iii) are correct.
0%
d) All are correct.

Explanation

Q.12.

The total thickness of the diffusion membrane is:

29%
a) Greater than a millimetre.
0%
b) One millimetre.
14%
c) Lesser than a millimetre.
57%
d) Less than 2 millimetre.

Explanation

Q.13.

Find out the correct statements with regards to transport of gases: (i) About 97% of O2 is transported by the RBC in the blood. (ii) 40% of the CO2 is carried as bicarbonates. (iii) Only 1% of O2 is carried in a dissolved state through the plasma. (iv) About 20 – 25% of CO2 is carried by RBCs.

0%
a) (i) and (iii) are correct.
50%
b) (i) and (iv) are correct.
0%
c) (ii) and (iii) are correct.
50%
d) All are correct.

Explanation

Q.14.

The solubility of CO2 is:

17%
a) 5 – 10 times higher than that of O2.
33%
b) 20 – 25 times higher than that of O2.
17%
c) 30 – 35 times higher than that of O2.
33%
d) 40 – 45 times higher than that of O2.

Explanation

Q.15.

A large portion of oxygen remains unused in the human blood even after its uptake by the tissues. This oxygen:

17%
a) acts as a reserve during muscular exercise.
83%
b) raises the pCO2 of blood to 75mm of Hg
0%
c) is enough to take oxyhaemoglobin saturation at 96%.
0%
d) helps in releasing more oxygen to the epithelial tissues.

Explanation

Q.16.

Read the following statements and select the correct one;

40%
a) The H+ released from carbonic acid combines with Hb to form haemoglobinic acid.
40%
b) Oxyhaemoglobin of erythrocytes are alkaline.
20%
c) More than 70% of CO2 is transferred from tissues to lungs in the form of carbamino compounds.
0%
d) In a healthy person, the Hb content is more than 25gms per 100ml.

Explanation

Q.17.

Which of the following is incorrect regarding the regulation of respiration?

50%
a) The dorsal respiratory group is present in the dorsal portion of the medulla oblongata.
25%
b) The signals from the dorsal respiratory group neurons generate the basic respiratory rhythm.
25%
c) During normal respiration, the ventral respiratory group remains inactive and does not play any role in the basic respiratory rhythm.
0%
d) The Pneumotaxic centre does not transmit signals to the inspiratory area.

Explanation

Q.18.

The haemoglobin of a human foetus:

0%
a) Has only 2 protein subunits instead of 4.
67%
b) Has higher affinity for oxygen than that of adults
17%
c) Has lower affinity for oxygen as that of adults.
17%
d) Its affinity for oxygen is the same as that of adults.

Explanation

Q.19.

To generate pressure gradients to facilitate expiration and inspiration, the human body uses the intercostal muscles and ..........

20%
a) Alveolar sacs.
20%
b) Bronchi.
60%
c) Primary, secondary and tertiary bronchioles.
0%
d) Diaphragm.

Explanation

Q.20.

The inspiratory reserve volume + Tidal volume + expiratory reserve volume is same as:

0%
a) Inspiratory capacity + Residual volume.
50%
b) Inspiratory capacity + expiratory reserve volume.
0%
c) Tidal volume + residual volume.
50%
d) Total lung capacity + functional residual capacity.

Explanation

Q.21.

Respiratory process is regulated by certain specialised centres in the brain. One of the following listed centres can reduce the inspiratory duration upon stimulation:

33%
a) Medullary inspiratory centre.
17%
b) Pneumotaxic centre.
33%
c) Apneustic centre.
17%
d) Chemosensitive centre.

Explanation

Q.22.

Given below are the parts of mammalian respiratory pathway: Pharynx. Nostrils. Bronchi. Trachea. Nasal chamber. Bronchioles.Alveoli. Larynx. Their correct sequence is:

0%
a) 2 → 1 → 5 → 3 → 8 → 4 → 6 → 7.
100%
b) 2 → 5 → 1 → 8 → 4 → 3 → 6 → 7.
0%
c) 7 → 5 → 2 → 1 → 3 → 4 → 8 → 6.
0%
d) 1 → 2 → 4 → 5 → 8 → 6 → 3 → 7.

Explanation

Q.23.

Identify the mismatched pair:

0%
a) TV – 500ml.
0%
b) IRV – 2550ml to 3000ml.
33%
c) RV – 110ml to 1200ml.
67%
d) IC – 5000ml.

Explanation

Q.24.

Amount of oxygen delivered by every 100ml of oxygenated blood to the tissue under normal physiological condition is around:

20%
a) 5ml.
20%
b) 20ml.
20%
c) 10ml.
40%
d) 100ml.

Explanation

Q.25.

During CO2 transport, the electrochemical neutrality of RBC is maintained by a process known as:

50%
a) Haldane effect.
50%
b) Herring breur reflex.
0%
c) Chloride shift.
0%
d) Bohr effect.

Explanation

Q.26.

If the length of trachea is extended to the length of two vertebrae in the linear position, to which thoracic vertebrae, the trachea is divided:

0%
a) 5th vertebrae
0%
b) 7th vertebrae.
100%
c) 12th vertebrae.
0%
d) 8th vertebrae.

Explanation

Q.27.

Tension of partial pressure of oxygen is least in:

50%
a) Blood in pulmonary vein.
0%
b) Tissue fluid.
50%
c) Alveolar air.
0%
d) All of the above.

Explanation

Q.28.

Excessive level of CO2 in the blood:

40%
a) Hypocapnea.
20%
b) Acapnea.
40%
c) Hypercapnea
0%
d) Eupnoea.

Explanation

Q.29.

Ascent of high mountain may cause altitude sickness in men due to:

25%
a) Excess of CO2 in blood,
25%
b) Decreased efficiency of haemoglobin.
50%
c) Decreased partial pressure of oxygen.
0%
d) Decreased proportion of oxygen in air.

Explanation

Q.30.

Herring breur reflex is related to:

0%
a) Effect on pH on respiratory centres.
25%
b) Effect of nerves on respiratory centres.
75%
c) Effect of CO2 on respiratory centres.
0%
d) Effect of temperature on respiratory centres.

Explanation

Q.31.

Quiet breathing is often referred as:

0%
a) Respiration.
40%
b) Abdominal breathing.
40%
c) Thoracic breathing.
20%
d) Inspiration.

Explanation

Q.32.

Select the correct statement from the following:

0%
a) In external respiration, pulmonary capillary blood gains O2 and loses CO2.
75%
b) Oxygen dissolved greatly in water and only 1.5% of O2 is dissolved in plasma.
25%
c) The diaphragm forms the roof of the thoracic cavity and floor of the abdominal cavity.
0%
d) Trachea divides into two bronchi at the level of 5th thoracic vertebrae.

Explanation

Q.33.

The structure which contributes to the breathing movement in mammals is: (i) Ribs. (ii) Intercostal muscles. (iii) Larynx. (iv) Diaphragm. (v) Sternum. (vi) Epiglottis.

40%
a) (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv).
40%
b) (i), (ii), (iv) and (v).
20%
c) (ii), (iv), (v) and (vi).
0%
d) (iii) and (vi).

Explanation

Q.34.

Identify the correct lung volumes and capacities used to designate following letters (a) – (d) respectively: (a) Additional volume of air, a person can inspire by forcible inspiration. (b) Volume of air remaining in the lungs even after a forcible expiration. (c) Volume of air that will remain in the lungs after a normal expiration. (d) The maximum volume of air a person can breathe in a forced expiration.

0%
a) VC: IC: RV: TLC.
33%
b) IRV: RV: FRC: VC.
67%
c) FRC: RV: IRV: VC.
0%
d) IRV: VC: RV: FRC.

Explanation

Q.35.

P50 value indicates:

0%
a) The oxygen concentration at which 50% Hb of blood is saturated with oxygen.
0%
b) The diffusion capacity of gas.
100%
c) Dead air space volume.
0%
d) Chloride shift.

Explanation

Q.36.

Breathing rate will increase when CO2 ............ in our blood and causes a .......... in pH.

60%
a) Increase/ rise
0%
b) Increase/drop
40%
c) Decrease/rise
0%
d) Decrease/drop

Explanation

Q.37.

Bulk of carbon dioxide (CO2) is transported to lungs in the form of:

0%
a) Bicarbonate of blood plasma and RBCs.
50%
b) Free CO2 in blood plasma.
50%
c) 70% carbaminohaemoglobin and 30% as bicarbonates.
0%
d) Carbaminohaemoglobin in RBCs.

Explanation

Q.38.

The space between the two lungs is called:

20%
a) Dead space.
40%
b) Mediastinum.
0%
c) Pleura.
40%
d) Thoracic cage.

Explanation

Q.39.

Whether a child died after normal birth or died before birth can be confirmed by examining:

0%
a) Tidal volume.
60%
b) Residual volume.
0%
c) Weight of the child.
40%
d) Vital capacity.

Explanation

Q.40.

In a healthy person:

0%
a) Pulmonary ventilation is less than alveolar ventilation.
0%
b) No relation between pulmonary ventilation and alveolar ventilation.
25%
c) Pulmonary ventilation is equal to the alveolar ventilation.
75%
d) Alveolar ventilation is less than the pulmonary ventilation.

Explanation

Q.41.

Shift of oxyhaemoglobin curve to the left is noticed under:

0%
a) Normal temperature and pH.
0%
b) Low temperature and high pH.
75%
c) Low pH and high temperature.
25%
d) Low pH and low temperature.

Explanation

Q.42.

Lungs are covered by: (

0%
a) Ribs.
20%
b) Single layered pleura.
60%
c) Double layered pleura.
20%
d) Pericardium.

Explanation

Q.43.

Although much CO2 is carried in blood, yet blood does not become acidic, because:

0%
a) It is absorbed by the leucocytes.
60%
b) Blood buffer play an important role in CO2 transport.
20%
c) It combines with water to form carbonic acid which is neutralized by carbonic anhydrase enzyme.
20%
d) It is continuously diffused through tissues and is not allowed to accumulate.

Explanation

Q.44.

What will be the PO2 and PCO2 in the atmospheric air compared to that in the alveolar air?

0%
a) PO2 lesser; PCO2 higher.
0%
b) PO2 higher; PCO2 lesser.
50%
c) PO2 higher; PCO2 higher.
50%
d) PO2 lesser; PCO2 lesser.

Explanation

Q.45.

Match the items in Column I with Column II. Choose the correct option:

Column I	Column II
a. Tidal volume	2500ml – 3000ml.
b. Inspiratory reserve volume	4000ml – 4600ml.
c. Expiratory reserve volume	500ml.
d. Residual volume	1000 – 1100ml.
e. Vital capacity	2100 – 2300ml.
f. Inspiratory capacity	3000 – 3500ml.
g. Functional residual capacity	1200ml.

50%
a) a - 3; b - 1; c - 4; d - 5; e - 6; f - 2; g - 7
25%
b) a - 3; b - 1; c - 4; d - 7; e - 6; f - 2; g - 5
25%
c) a - 3; b - 1; c - 4; d - 7; e - 2; f - 6; g - 5
0%
d) a - 3; b - 1; c - 4; d - 7; e - 6; f - 5; g - 2

Explanation

Q.46.

Select the incorrect statement:

25%
a) In man, vocal cords are present in the larynx.
25%
b) Lecithin covers the alveoli as surfactant and reduces surface tension.
0%
c) Trachea divides into two bronchi at the level of 7th thoracic vertebrae.
50%
d) Alveoli are considered as the functional unit of lungs.

Explanation

Q.47.

Which of the following shows chemoreceptors for detecting the excess presence of CO2 and H+ in the circulating blood?

33%
a) Chemosensitive area.
33%
b) Aortic arc and carotid artery.
33%
c) Both A and B.
0%
d) Pneumotaxic centre.

Explanation

Q.48.

Mark the incorrect statement:

0%
a) Respiratory centres are found in medulla oblongata and pons varoli.
0%
b) Respiratory mechanism is controlled by CNS.
75%
c) RBC contains high concentration of carbonic anhydrase.
25%
d) Respiratory centre of brain is sensitive to increase in PO2.

Explanation

Q.49.

The following table shows the partial pressures of O2 and CO2 at different parts involved in diffusion in comparison to those in atmosphere. Identify the data given (i) – (iv).

Respiratory gases	Atmospheric air	Alveoli	Blood deoxygenated	Blood oxygenated
O₂	159	(ii)	(iii)	95
CO₂	(i)	40	45	(iv)

0%
a) (i) – 0.6, (ii) – 126, (iii) – 45, (iv) – 90.
50%
b) (i) – 0.3, (ii) – 104, (iii) – 40, (iv) – 40.
25%
c) (i) – 0.5, (ii) – 145, (iii) – 45, (iv) – 95.
25%
d) (i) – 1, (ii) – 45, (iii) – 40, (iv) – 40.

Explanation

Q.50.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS):

20%
a) Is caused by a variant of Pneumonococcus pneumoniae
40%
b) Is caused by a variant of common cold virus (Corona virus).
20%
c) Is an acute form of asthma.
20%
d) Affects non-vegetarians much faster than vegetarians.

Explanation

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