The pulmonary volume that cannot be measured by spirometer directly is
40%
a) Residual volume
40%
b) Tidal volume
0%
c) Vital capacity
20%
d) Inspiratory capacity
Q.2.
If a person exhales out forcefully by applying all his efforts. What will be the pulmonary volume inhaled by him immediately under normal condition without applying any extra effort?
0%
a) TV only
67%
b) TV and IRV
33%
c) TV, IRV and ERV
0%
d) TV and ERV
Q.3.
Alveoli surfactant is produced by
33%
a) Kupffer's cells
0%
b) Dust cells
33%
c) Type I pneumocyte
33%
d) Type II pneumocyte
Q.4.
Which of the following is true when oxyhaemoglobin dissociation curves are drawn for maternal and foetal haemoglobin?
33%
a) Foetal curve will be on the right side
33%
b) Maternal curve will be on the right side
33%
c) It will depend upon PCO2 level
0%
d) Both will overlap each other
Q.5.
Mark the wrong statement
0%
a) Pneumotaxic centre increases the depth of breathing
0%
b) Expiratory centre lies in pons and inspiratory centre lies in medulla
67%
c) The inspiratory centre increases the strength of contraction of rib muscles
33%
d) Breathing movements are caused by change in concentration of CO2 in the blood
Q.6.
The mountain sickness is due to
25%
a) Arterial hypoxia
0%
b) Anaemia hypoxia
50%
c) Lack of sufficient number of erythrocytes
25%
d) Lack of sufficient amount of haemoglobin
Q.7.
Cyanide poisoning will lead to
33%
a) Hypoxic hypoxia
33%
b) Anaemic hypoxia
33%
c) Atagnant hypoxia
0%
d) Histotoxic hypoxia
Q.8.
When thorax is injured and pleura damaged, the air enters the pleural cavity and the lungs are collapsed. This condition is known as
33%
a) Pneumothorax
67%
b) Orthopnoea
0%
c) Hypopnoea
0%
d) Dyspnoea
Q.9.
Which of the following is caused by low oxygen tension in blood?
0%
a) Sneezing
67%
b) Coughing
33%
c) Yawning
0%
d) Hiccupping
Q.10.
Which of the following is related with bubbling of N2 in the blood resulting in pain or severe problem?
0%
a) Asthma
0%
b) Caisson's disease
100%
c) Cheyne stokes respiration
0%
d) Hypopnoea
Q.11.
Silicosis is characterised by proliferation of fibrous tissue in
0%
a) Pulmonary capillary
33%
b) Respiratory tract
33%
c) Upper part of lung
33%
d) Lower part of lung
Q.12.
Residual volume is:
0%
a) Lesser than tidal volume.
67%
b) reater than tidal volume.
0%
c) Greater than vital capacity.
33%
d) Greater than inspiratory volume.
Q.13.
Which of the following statement is false regarding human lungs?
0%
a) Right lung is larger and heavier than the left lung.
67%
b) Right lung has two fissures i.e. horizontal fissure and oblique fissure whereas left lung has a single fissure oblique fissure.
33%
c) Right lung differs from left lung in having an extra lobe called median lobe.
0%
d) Right lung has a concavity in its inner margin to place heart called cardiac notch.
Q.14.
The gas which regulates the alveolar ventilation is:
0%
a) Oxygen.
33%
b) Carbon dioxide.
33%
c) Carbon monoxide.
33%
d) Nitrogen.
Q.15.
Identify a fish who breathes air through its lungs.
67%
a) Lungfish.
0%
b) Rohu.
33%
c) Dogfish.
0%
d) Sting Ray
Q.16.
Which of the following statement regarding BPG (Biphosphoglycerate) are true? (i) A product formed of anaerobic respiration inside the RBC. (ii) BPG binds with haemoglobin which results in the decreases oxyhaemoglobin formation. (iii) BPG promotes dissociation of oxyhaemoglobin. (iv) BPG shifts the oxygen dissociation curve to the right and increases P50 value. (v) BPG shifts the oxygen dissociation curve to the left and increases P50 value.
50%
a) (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv).
0%
b) (ii), (iii) and (iv).
50%
c) (i), (ii), (iii) and (v).
0%
d) (ii), (iii) and (v).
Q.17.
The oxygen dissociation curve for Myoglobin is:
0%
a) Sigmoid.
33%
b) Hyperbolic.
0%
c) Elliptical.
67%
d) Circular.
Q.18.
Which of the following statement(s) is (are) correct? a) Pyruvate can be converted into ethanol and carbon dioxide by yeast. b) Fermentation takes place in aerobic bacteria. c) Fermentation takes place in mitochondria. d) Fermentation is a form of anaerobic respiration.
33%
a) (a) and (c).
33%
b) (b) and (d).
0%
c) (a) and (d).
33%
d) (b) and (c).
Q.19.
The rate at which oxygen moves from the alveoli of our lungs into our blood
0%
a) Depends on the difference in oxygen concentration between the alveoli and the blood.
0%
b) Depends on the colour of the alveoli.
67%
c) Depends on the availability of energy to transport gases across the membrane.
33%
d) None of the above
Q.20.
Which of the following statement(s) is (are) true about respiration? (i) During inhalation, ribs move inward and diaphragm is raised. (ii) In the alveoli, exchange of gases takes place i.e., oxygen from alveolar air diffuses into blood and carbon dioxide from blood into alveolar air. (iii) Haemoglobin has greater affinity for carbon dioxide than oxygen. (iv) Alveoli increase surface area for exchange of gases.
0%
a) (i) and (iv).
33%
b) (ii) and (iii).
33%
c) (i) and (iii).
33%
d) (ii) and (iv).
Q.21.
A deficiency of pulmonary surfactant would
0%
a) Decrease surface tension.
0%
b) Decrease the work of breathing.
100%
c) Both of the above.
0%
d) None of the above.
Q.22.
Pulmonary surfactant is
0%
a) Amino acid.
0%
b) Steroid.
67%
c) Phospholipids.
33%
d) None of the above.
Q.23.
A person will breathe deeply and rapidly for some time after a period of strenuous exercise. The longer and more intense the exercise, the longer and deeper the breathing will be and this will continue after the exercise stops. Using your understanding of cellular respiration, why strenuous exercise stimulates deep breathing?
33%
a) More rapid heartbeat.
33%
b) More consumption of oxygen by cells
33%
c) More release of CO2 by cells
0%
d) Both A and B.
Q.24.
Which two of the following changes (a-d) usually tend to occur in the plain dwellers when they move to high altitudes (3,500 m or more)? (1)Increase in red blood cell size. (2)Increase in red blood cell production. (3)Increased breathing rate. (4)Increase in Thrombocytes count.
33%
a) 1 and 2.
33%
b) 2 and 3.
0%
c) 3 and 4.
33%
d) 1 and 4.
Q.25.
Which of the following is an example of primary buffer system in blood?
0%
a) Haemoglobin and oxyhaemoglobin.
0%
b) Oxygen and carbon dioxide
67%
c) Albumin and globulin.
33%
d) Sodium bicarbonate and carbonic acid
Q.26.
Much developed larynx of human male is called as
0%
a) Aristole's lantern.
100%
b) Syrinx
0%
c) Adam's apple
0%
d) Muller's organ
Q.27.
Which of the following statements are true regarding the mechanism of inspiration? (i) Diaphragm muscles contract. (ii) Diaphragm muscles relaxes. (iii) External intercostal muscles relax and rib cage move outwards and inwards. (iv) External intercostal muscles contract and ribcage moves inwards and downward. (v) External intercostal muscles contract and rib cage moves outwards and upwards.
50%
a) (i) and (iv) only.
0%
b) (ii) and (iii) only.
0%
c) (i) and (iii) only.
50%
d) (i) and (v) only.
Q.28.
Rate of breathing is controlled by:
0%
a) The amount of freely available oxygen.
0%
b) Amount of carbon dioxide.
100%
c) Muscle function of the body.
0%
d) Stress.
Q.29.
Persons living at high altitudes will show:
0%
a) High alveolar capacity.
33%
b) More number of erythrocytes.
33%
c) More Erythropoiesis.
33%
d) All of the above.
Q.30.
From the following which one is not true about the thoracic chamber? (i) Thoracic chamber is formed dorsally by the vertebral column. (ii) Ventrally by sternum. (iii) Ventrally by ribs. (iv) Formed on the upper and lower side of diaphragm.
0%
a) (i) and (ii) are not true.
67%
b) (iii) and (iv) are not true.
0%
c) (i) and (iii) are not true.
33%
d) All are correct.
Q.31.
Select the mismatched pair:
0%
a) Tidal volume (TV) = IC – IRV.
0%
b) Expiratory capacity (EC) = TV + ERV.
67%
c) Functional residual capacity (FRC) = IRV + ERV.
33%
d) Vital capacity (VC) = ERV + TV + IRV.
Q.32.
Which one of the following statement is NOT correct regarding trachea?
33%
a) It usually lies posterior to muscular oesophagus.
67%
b) It splits into right and left bronchi to supply air to the lungs.
0%
c) Opening to the trachea is covered by epiglottis.
0%
d) Trachea rings are incomplete cartilaginous and C shaped.
Q.33.
Which of the following statements is/are true or false? (i) In humans lungs are situated in thoracic cavity. (ii) The pleural fluid increases friction on the lung surface. (iii) Nasopharynx opens through the glottis of the larynx region into the trachea. (iv) The thoracic chamber is formed dorsally by the sternum and ventrally by the vertebral column. (v) Breathing is affected by the contraction of lungs only.
33%
a) (i), (ii) and (iii) are true while (iv) and (v) are false.
67%
b) (i) and (iv) are true while (ii), (iii) and (v) are false.
0%
c) (i) and (iii) are true while (ii), (iv) and (v) are false.
0%
d) (i), (iv) and (v) are false while (ii) and (iii) are true.
Q.34.
Which of the following statements are true or false? (i) The blood transports CO2 comparatively easily due to its high solubility. (ii) Approximately 8.9% of the CO2 is transported being dissolved in the blood plasma. (iii) The CO2 produced by the tissues diffuses passively into the blood stream and passes in the red blood corpuscles and reacts with water to form H2CO (iv) The oxyhaemoglobin (HbO2) in erythrocytes is basic in nature. (v) The chloride ions diffuses from the plasma into the erythrocytes to maintain the ionic balance.
0%
a) (i), (iii) and (v) are true while (ii) and (iv) are false.
50%
b) (ii) and (iv) are true while (i), (iii) and (v) are false.
50%
c) (i), (ii) and (iv) are true while (iii) and (v) are false.
0%
d) (iii) and (v) are true while (i), (ii) and (iv) are false.
Q.35.
Scavenger cells of alveoli is called as
0%
a) Melanophage.
50%
b) Monocytes / macrophage
50%
c) Dust cells
0%
d) Microglial cells
Q.36.
Cartilaginous rings in trachea are incomplete at which surface?
0%
a) Dorsal.
33%
b) Ventral.
33%
c) Lateral.
33%
d) Ventrolateral.
Q.37.
Which of the following statements best summarises the relationship between respiratory rate and body size in related animals?
0%
a) Smaller the animal, higher the respiratory rate.
0%
b) Smaller the animal, lower the respiratory rate.
50%
c) Larger the animal, higher the respiratory rate.
50%
d) Size and respiratory rate are not related in any orderly fashion.
Q.38.
If the lungs in thoracic cavity are punctured
0%
a) The lungs get inflated.
33%
b) The breathing rate decreases.
0%
c) The man dies as the lungs get collapsed.
67%
d) The breathing rate increases.
Q.39.
While eating, hiccups are because of
50%
a) Spicy food.
0%
b) Food particles which enter the wind pipe
50%
c) Food particles enter the food pipe
0%
d) Any infection in the throat
Q.40.
The thickness of diffusion membrane for exchange of gases in humans is:
0%
a) 0.2mm.
33%
b) 0.2µm.
67%
c) 0.02mm.
0%
d) 0.02µm.
Q.41.
Select the correct statement:
0%
a) In external respiration, pulmonary capillary blood gains CO2 and loses O2.
0%
b) Oxygen dissolves greatly in water and only 1.5% of O2 is dissolved in plasma.
100%
c) The diaphragm forms the roof of the thoracic cavity and the floor of the abdominal cavity.
0%
d) Branches of primary bronchus including the terminal bronchioles constitute the bronchial tree.
Q.42.
Which of the following option is incorrect about the conducting part of the respiratory system?
0%
a) The part starting with the external nostrils upto the initial bronchioles constitute the conducting part.
67%
b)The conducting part transports the atmospheric air to the alveoli clears air from foreign particles modifies and also brings the air to body temperature.
33%
c) The trachea, primary, secondary and tertiary bronchi and initial bronchioles are supported by incomplete cartilaginous rings.
0%
d) Each bronchus undergoes repeated divisions to form the secondary and tertiary bronchi and bronchioles ending up in very thin terminal bronchioles.
Q.43.
How are alveoli designed to maximize the exchange of gases?
0%
a) By increasing the surface area of trachea.
33%
b) By decreasing the surface area of the lungs.
33%
c) By increasing the surface area of the lungs for gaseous exchange.
33%
d) None of the above.
Q.44.
If under certain conditions, the P50 value of haemoglobin rises to 100mm Hg, a person will die of oxygen deficiency because the pigment:
0%
a) is not loaded enough oxygen in the lungs.
50%
b) Can load enough oxygen in lungs but cannot unload it in tissues.
50%
c) Can neither load nor unload oxygen.
0%
d) Suffers degradation and cannot function normally.
Q.45.
Human beings show two pairs of vocal cords which are separated by a space called:
33%
a) Articulating space.
0%
b) Rima glottides.
67%
c) Santorini membrane.
0%
d) Thesbian valve.
Q.46.
Which of the following include forcible inspiration? (i) Coughing. (ii) Sneezing. (iii) Yawning. (iv) Hiccups.
0%
a) (i), (ii) and (iii).
33%
b) (iii) and (iv).
33%
c) (i) and (ii).
33%
d) (i), (ii) and (iv).
Q.47.
Alveolar ventilation is increased in:
0%
a) Rapid and shallow breathing.
33%
b) Slow and deep breathing.
33%
c) While breathing under sea with scuba.
33%
d) Immediately after hyperventilation.
Q.48.
Identify the correct statement regarding breathing:
0%
a) Surfactant increases the surface tension inside the alveoli.
33%
b) Volume of air remaining in the lungs after a normal expiration includes ERV and RV.
67%
c) Contraction of internal intercostals and abdominal muscles cause forced inspiration.
0%
d) In Haldane effect, oxygen gets displaced from blood due to high PO2.
Q.49.
In the respiratory system, as the airway tree branches:
0%
a) Number of hyaline cartilage increases.
33%
b) Amount of cilia increases.
0%
c) Amount of smooth muscles increase.
67%
d) Diameter of airways increase.
Q.50.
In which of the following restrictive lung disease the vital capacity is reduced to below normal levels.`
0%
a) Pneumonia.
33%
b) Tuberculosis.
67%
c) Pulmonary fibrosis.
0%
d) All of the above.
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