Insulin is a protein chain or peptide hormone. There are 51 amino acids in an insulin molecule. Answer : (b)

Prolactin is a protein hormone of the anterior pituitary gland that was originally named for its ability to promote lactation in response to the suckling stimulus of hungry young mammals. Answer : (c)

Answer : (c)

cortisone Hormone produced by the cortex of the adrenal glands and essential for carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism. Cortisol can help control blood sugar levels, regulate metabolism, help reduce inflammation, and assist with memory formulation. corticosterone is a main glucocorticoid, involved in regulation of energy, immune reactions, and stress responses 11-deoxycorticosterone acts as a precursor to aldosterone. Answer : (b)

Hormone secreted during emergency is Adrenaline Answer : (d)

Pineal gland secretes melatonin connected with Sleep Answer : (b)

atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) a hormone produced in the cardiac atrium; it effect is increased excretion of water and sodium and alowering of blood pressure, which reduces the workload of the heart Answer : (d)

Somatostatin is produced in the Pancreatic islets, also called islets of Langerhans a - 5 Melatonin secreted by Pineal gland. b - 1 Aldosterone secreted by Adrenal cortex c - 4 Progesterone secreted by Corpus luteum Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is a hormone produced by the placenta after implantation. e - 3 Answer : (d)

Prolactin secreted by pituitary gland Answer : (c)

thyrotropin, is secreted from cells in the anterior pituitary so reason is false Answer : (c)

Diabetes insipidus occurs when kidneys do not respond properly to vasopressin. Thus reason is not correct explanation to assertion Answer : (b)

The thyroid gland secretes three hormones : thyroxine or tetraiodothyronine, triiodothyronine and calcitonin. Thyroxine and Triiodothyronine are iodinated forms of the amino acid tyrosine. They are stored in the colloid that fills the follicles, and are released to the blood when needed. The storage occurs in an unusual place, the extracellular colloid. Answer : (c)

Answer : (a)

Gonadotropin secretion increases dramatically after menopause. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels are higher than luteinizing hormone (LH) levels, Answer : (d)

Oxytocin in the body are contraction of the womb (uterus) during childbirth and lactation Answer : (d)

Other name of vasopressin ADH Answer : (a)

Answer : (d)

The excessive amount of calcium is regulated by cortisol Answer : (d)

Cushing's syndrome is the result of excessive Glucocorticoid/ Cortisol in the body. Answer : (d)

FSH is subject to oestrogen feed-back from the gonads via the hypothalamic pituitary gonadal axis. Answer : (d)

Calcitonin reduces calcium levels in the blood Answer : (b)

Relaxin relaxes other pelvic ligaments. It is believed to soften the pubic symphysis which is necessary for child birth Answer : (b)

The calorigenic effect is a result of the increased metabolic rate and increased oxygen consumption by cells. Thyroid hormones play vital roles in regulating the body's metabolic rate, heart and digestive functions, muscle control, brain development and maintenance of bones. Thyroid hormones stimulate diverse metabolic activities most tissues, leading to anincrease in basal metabolic rate. One consequence of this activity is to increase body heat production, which seems to result, at least in part, from increased oxygen consumption and rates of ATP hydrolysis. Answer : (d)

The corpus luteum secretes progesterone, which is a steroid hormone responsible for the decidualization of the endometrium (its development) and maintenance, respectively. Answer : (b)

The hormone insulin is secreted by β cells of islet of Langerhans Answer : (c)

A symptom of Grave’ disease Whole body: excess sweating, fatigue, heat intolerance, or high blood pressure Heart: fast heart rate, irregular heart rate, or palpitations Mood: anxiety or nervousness Eyes: abnormal protrusion of eyes or puffy eyes Also common: absence of menstruation, diarrhea , enlarged thyroid, hair loss, hand tremor, insomnia, irritability, muscle weakness, puffy skin changes on the shin, or weight loss Answer : (d)

The disease diabetes mellitus is the result of undersecretion of insulin. Insulin regulates how the body uses and stores glucose Answer : (a)

Basal metabolic rate (BMR) is the rate of energy expenditure per unit time by endothermic animals at rest. Thyroid hormones stimulate diverse metabolic activities most tissues, leading to an increase in basal metabolic rate. Answer : (c)

All women produce some testosterone, but higher than normal levels may increase your sex drive, affect your menstrual cycle and produce excess facial and body hair. Answer : (c)

Autoimmune thyroiditis. Autoimmune thyroiditis, (or Chronic Autoimmune thyroiditis), is a chronic disease in which the body interprets the thyroid glands and its hormone products T3, T4 and TSH as threats, therefore producing special antibodies that target the thyroid's cells, thereby destroying it. Also called Hashimoto's disease, Answer : (d)

progesterone is secreted by a temporary gland formed within the ovary after ovulation called the corpus luteum a hormone-secreting structure that develops in an ovary after an ovum has been discharged but degenerates after a few days unless pregnancy has begun. Answer : (d)

secretion at an abnormally slow rate or in abnormally small quantities (hyposecretion) of Vasopressin causes produce excessive amounts of urine, resulting in frequent urination and thirst. Or Diabetes insipidus Answer : (b)

Gonadotropic hormone luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). Are secreted by anterior pituitary gland or Adenohypophysis of pituitary Answer : (b)

Hormones may be Steroids Peptides Amino acid derivatives Answer : (d)

Female sex hormone is estrogen and progesterone Answer : (a)

Parathormone- level of calcium in the blood Norepinephrine - stress hormone Melatonin - regulates the normal rhythm of sleep wake cycle Calcitonin - reduces calcium levels in the blood Answer : (b)

secreted by cells in the duodenum It stimulates the exocrine portion of the pancreas to secrete bicarbonate into the pancreatic fluid Answer : (a)

Fight-or-flight reactions cause activation of the adrenal medulla, leading to increased secretion of epinephrine and norepinephrine Answer:(a)

Answer:(b)

The hormone is produced in the ovaries, the placenta (when a woman gets pregnant) and the adrenal glands. It helps prepare your body for conception and pregnancy and regulates the monthly menstrual cycle. It also plays a role in sexual desire. Option a wrong. Atrial natriuretic factor Its main function is to lower blood pressure and to control electrolyte homeostasis. Oxytocin is produced in the hypothalamus. Oxytocin in the body are contraction of the womb (uterus) during childbirth and lactation Melatonin is a hormone secreted by the pineal gland in the brain. plays a critical role in when we fall asleep and when we wake up., regulates the normal rhythm of sleepwake cycle Answer:(d)

Epinephrine, more commonly known as adrenaline, is a hormone secreted by the medulla of the adrenal glands. Strong emotions such as fear or anger cause epinephrine to be released into the bloodstream, which causes an increase in heart rate, muscle strength, blood pressure, and sugar metabolism. It is also a neurotransmitter, Answer:(d)

Parathormone( PTH) and Calcitonin control blood calcium level when it has risen to an above normal level and are antagonistic Insulin – Glucagon Hormones involved in sugar metabolism and are antagonistic Aldosterone and Atrial Natriuretic Factor both responsible for osmoregulation and are antagonistic Relaxin is a hormone produced by the ovary and the placenta with important effects in the female reproductive system and during pregnancy. Inhibin :inhibit the production of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) by the pituitary gland Answer:(d)

Melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH) is produced by an intermediate lobe of the pituitary gland. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is produced by the hypothalamus in the brain and stored in the posterior pituitary gland at the base of the brain Luteinizing hormone (LH, also known as lutropin and sometimes lutrophin) is a hormone produced by gonadotropic cells in the anterior pituitary gland. Prolactin is a single-chain protein hormone closely related to growth hormone. It is secreted by so-called lactotrophs in the anterior pituitary Answer:(b)

At the pituitary, GnRH stimulates the synthesis and secretion of the gonadotropins, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH). These processes are controlled by the size and frequency of GnRH pulses, as well as by feedback from androgens and estrogens. Low-frequency GnRH pulses are required for FSH release, whereas high-frequency GnRH pulses stimulate LH pulses in a one-to-one manner. Answer:(a)

Inhibin: One of two hormones (designated inhibin-A and inhibin-B) secreted by the gonads (by Sertoli cells in the male and the granulosa cells in the female) and that inhibit the production of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) by the pituitary gland. Answer:(b)

The precursor to melatonin is serotonin, a neurotransmitter that itself is derived from the amino acid tryptophan. Within the pineal gland, serotonin is acetylated and then methylated to yield melatonin. Answer:(a)

Hypothyroidism during pregnancy causes defective development and maturation of the growing foetus leading to stunted growth. Answer:(a)

Endocrine cells are present in different parts of the gastro-intestinal tract, e.g., gastrin, secretin, GIP. Atrial wall of our heart secretes a peptide hormone called ANF (Atrial Natriuretic Factor). RH/IH are produced by hypothalamus. Adenohypophysis is not directly under neural control, it is under the control of hypothalamic hormones, brought by portal system. Answer:(c)

people with osteoporosis,a thinning of the bones, bone loss outpaces the growth of new bone too much parathyroid hormone, called hyperparathyroidism, causes calcium loss in the urine at the expense of bone, The marked decrease in estrogen or testosterone is associated with rapid bone loss Answer : (c)

CORRECT