Answer : (d)

our embryonic development parallels Mammals and birds and even reptiles produce four different kinds of extraembryonic membranes to protect the embryo they are amnion, yolk sac, allantois, and chorion Answer : (c)

Leydig cells, also known as interstitial cells of Leydig, are found adjacent to the seminiferous tubules in the testicle. They produce testosterone in the presence of luteinizing hormone (LH) Answer : (b)

Endometrium is the innermost layer of the uterine wall, which undergoes cyclic changes during different stages of the menstrual cycle. The main function of the endometrium is to provide sites for implantation and the development of placenta. Answer : (b)

Ovulation is a part of menstrual cycle. It occurs when an egg is released from ovary Answer : (b)

There are three phases of your menstrual cycle: follicular phase, ovulatory phase, and luteal phase. In terms of the luteinizing hormone (LH) surge, the ovulatory phase is most important or at the middle of the cycle Answer : (d)

Human egg is almost free of yolk, therefore it is called microlecithal Answer : (a)

In non-primate mammals like cows, sheep, deer, dog, tiger, etc., such cyclical changes during reproduction are called oestrus cycle. It is a 21-day cycle which is marked by the recurring appearance of oestrus or heat. This is when ovulation occurs Answer : (b)

Leydig cells release a class of hormones called androgens (19-carbon steroids). They secrete testosterone, androstenedione and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), Answer : (d)

The primary spermatocyte divides meiotically (Meiosis I) into two secondary spermatocytes Answer : (a)

Male accessory glands (MAG) in humans are the seminal vesicles, prostate gland, and the Cowper's glands (also called bulbourethral glands) Bartholin's glands are located in the superficial perineal pouch in females The perineal body (or central tendon of perineum) is a pyramidal fibromuscular mass in the middle line of the perineum at the junction between the urogenital triangle and the anal triangle. It is found in both males and females. Gastric Glands is not accessory genital gland Answer : (a)

Gestation period in Rabbit is about 32 days. Statement ‘b’ is wrong In response to sexual stimulation, the bulbourethral glands secrete an alkaline mucus-like fluid. This fluid neutralizes the acidity of the urine residue in the urethra, helps to neutralize the acidity of the vagina, and provides some lubrication for the tip of the penis during intercourse. Statement "c" is also correct Answer : (c)

Chorioallantoic placenta that forms from the chorion and allantois. Answer : (c)

The entire duration of a Menstrual cycle can be divided into four main phases: 1. Menstrual phase (From day 1 to 5) 2. Follicular phase (From day 5 to 13) 3. Ovulation phase (Day 14) 4. Luteal phase (From day 15 to 28) Answer : (a)

A Graafian follicle, or ovarian follicle, is found inside an ovary Answer : (a)

The function of the allantois is to collect liquid waste from the embryo, as well as to exchange gases used by the embryo Answer : (c)

Delivery of developed foetus is scientifically called as-Parturition Answer : (c)

Spermatogonia are undifferentiated male germ cells which are present in the basal compartment of seminiferous tubules. They are diploid cells which undergo mitosis to form diploid primary spermatocytes. Primary spermatocytes are intermediate cells which are formed by mitosis from spermatogonia and are present in adluminal  compartment (towards inner region) of seminiferous tubule. Primary spermatocytes undergo meiosis to form halpoid secondary spermatocytes.  Answer : (a)

Bones become weak in females may be due to a decrease in bone density. Estrogen works in conjunction with calcium, vitamin D, and other minerals to keep bones strong. Low estrogen can lead to infertility in women. Answer : (d)

The tunica albuginea is the fibrous covering of the testis. It is a dense blue-grey membrane, composed of bundles of white fibrous connective tissue, from which it derives its name albuginea, which interlace in every direction. Answer : (b)

In meiosis 1, it is said that chromosome numbers become halved in the two daughter cells. Answer : (a)

Holoblastic cleavage : characterized by cleavage planes that divide the whole egg into distinct and separate though coherent blastomeres holoblastic eggs holoblastic cleavage. Answer : (d)

Telolecithal Eggs: The Yolk is found in excess and is in the form of large platelet like granules. The yolk is unequally distributed, more densely packed in the posterior half. Such eggs are found in sharks, amphibians, birds, cyclostomes, elasmorbranchs, ganoids and ling fishes. Answer : (b)

Menarche is the first menstrual cycle, or first menstrual bleeding, in female humans. From both social and medical perspectives, it is often considered the central event of female puberty, as it signals the possibility of fertility. Answer : (c)

Vasa efferentia : Their lining epithelium is pseudostratified. It has large columnar ciliated cells and small nonciliated cells with endocytic activity, ciliated cells help in conducting sperms Answer : (c)

Mitosis of the spermatogonia	16 days	Up to the primary spermatocytes Spermatogonia A & B
First meiosis	24 days	For the division of the primary spermatocytes to form secondary spermatocytes
Second meiosis	A few hours	For engendering the spermatids
Spermiogenesis	24 days	Up to the completed sperm cells
Total	~64 days	- -

Spermatogenesis involves mitosis and meiosis, but oogenesis involves meiosis. The approximate 64 day cycle of the spermatogenesis can be subdivided into four phases that last differing lengths of time: Answer : (d)

Twins are two offspring produced by the same pregnancy. Twins can be either monozygotic ('identical'), meaning that they develop from one zygote Answer : (d)

Cryptorchidism Occurs when a boy is born with one or both testicles in the lower abdomen rather than the scrotum. Known also as undescended testicles Answer : (b)

The acrosome is a unique membranous organelle located over the anterior part of the sperm nucleus that is highly conserved throughout evolution. This acidic vacuole contains a number of hydrolytic enzymes that, when secreted, help the sperm penetrate the egg's coats. Answer : (a)

Answer : (d)