Colocasia is corm Corm is cylindrical underground stem. where as rizome is flattened underground stem. Corm grows vertically while rizome is grows horizontantly, In corm adventitious roots arise from the lower nodes of the corm while rizome adventitious roots arise profusely from nodes Answer : (a)

Zygomorphic flower : having floral parts unequal in size or form so that the flower is capable of division into essentially symmetrical halves by only one longitudinal plane passing through the axis. Answer : (d)

Brassicaceae or Cruciferae is a medium-sized and economically important family of flowering plants commonly known as the mustards, the crucifers, or the cabbage family. Parietal placentation: Here ovary is one-chambered but it becomes two- chambered due to the formation of the false septum. The ovules develop on the inner wall of the ovary or on peripheral part. E.g. - mustard and Argemone. Answer : (d)

Haustorium is a rootlike structure that grows into or around another structure to absorb water or nutrients. Structure penetrates the host's tissue and draws nutrients from it. Answer : (b)

Fig is a synconus fruit. Sorosis is a fleshy multiple fruit, e.g. a pineapple or mulberry, derived from the ovaries of several flowers. Match (a) is not correct Type of fruit found in sunflower is Cypsela. The mango (Mangifera indica) is a drupe The tomato is the edible berry Answer : (a)

The main function of the corolla is to assist in the reproductive process of the plant. The petals of the corolla are designed to aid in pollination, and therefore, increase the chance of successful reproduction of the flower. Answer : (b)

Pitcher plants (or pitfall traps) are carnivorous plants whose prey-trapping mechanism features a deep cavity filled with liquid known as a pitfall trap. Answer : (b)

Hibiscus rosa-sinensis belongs to the family Malvaceae. It is characterised by the complete, actinomorphic and hypogynous flower. Actinomorphic is characterized by radial symmetry, such as a starfish or the flower of a daisy. Hypogynous of a plant or flower having the stamens and other floral parts situated below the carpels (or gynoecium). Zygomorphic of a flower having only one plane of symmetry, as in a pea or snapdragon; bilaterally symmetrical. Epigynous of a plant or flower having the ovary enclosed in the receptacle, with the stamens and other floral parts situated above. Answer : (b)

An aggregate fruit or etaerio is a fruit that develops from the merger of several ovaries that were separated in a single flower. In contrast, a simple fruit develops from one ovary. Answer : (c)

Haustorium (plural haustoria) is a rootlike structure that grows into or around another structure to absorb water or nutrients. Cuscuta uses haustoria to penetrate the vascular system of its host plant and remove sugars and nutrients from the host's phloem. Answer : (a)

Replum is a thin false dissepiment separating the two valves of some fruits (as siliques and some legumes) from which the valves fall away at maturity. Brassicaceae or mustard family gynoecium is bicarpellary, syncarpous, ovary superior, unilocular, becomes bilocular due to the development of false septum called replum, parietal placentation, ovules many, style short, stigma simple or bifid. Answer : (a)

Agave macroacantha can sexually reproduce by seeds and propagate vegetatively by aerial bulbils and ground-level basal shoots and rhizomes. Answer : (a)

In jack fruit, thick club-shaped peduncle has the flowers arranged on it. The fertile fruits have juicy, edible perianth lobes and the bracts form more or less juicy chaffs around them. The spines on the tough rind represent the stigmas of the carpels. Each seed is covered by a membranous testa. Answer : (c)

Answer : (c)

False fruit is a fruit formed from other parts of the plant as well as the ovary, especially the receptacle, Pome (e.g. an apple, pear, or quince) is a false fruit in which the edible part is thalamus where the true fruit remains embedded. Answer : (c)

A xerophyte is a species of plant that has adaptations to survive in an environment with little liquid water, such as a desert or an ice- or snow-covered region in the Alps or the Arctic. Phylloclade a flattened branch or stem-joint resembling and functioning as a leaf. A Phylloclade is a flattened stem of succulent plant. It is xerophytic plant so the leaves convert into spine and stem convert into fleshy phylloclade. Answer : (c)

Botanical name of Gram is Cicer arietinum Answer : (c)

Answer : (b)

In sweet Pea, the tendrils are modified Leaflets In sweet Pea, the terminal leaflet of the compound leaf modifies into a tendril while in some plants, several leaflets of the compound leaf convert into tendrils. In some other plants, leaf petiole modifies into a tendril for the clinging purpose. Answer : (b)

Answer : (a)

Superficial or Laminar: Here, the ovules develop over the entire inner surface of the carpels. It occurs in multicarpellary ovary, e.g., Nymphaea. Placentation in a plant are of types are: 1. Marginal 2. Parietal 3. Axile 4. Free-central 5. Superficial or Laminar 6. Basal. Answer : (a)

A peanut plant (Arachis hypogaea) that has been pulled out of the ground to show the subterranean, seed-bearing, dry fruit called a pod. Answer : (a)

Monocot plants have characteristic features like fibrous root system because the radicle is short-lived, thus replaced by adventitious roots. They also have parallel-veined leaves and trimerous flowers. Answer : (b)

Bicarpellary gynoecium (of an ovary) means having two carpels. Oblique ovary means the ovary is placed obliquely in a diagonal plane. It is present in the family Solanaceae. In this, the gynoecium is bicarpellary and syncarpous Answer : (b)

In Solanaceae, the carpels undergo torsion (twisting) and they are placed obliquely because the posterior carpels turn to the right and anterior carpels are turned to the left. Answer : (b)

Ginger is multiplied vegetatively by rhizome. It is an underground modification of stem. It develops root and shoots from the nodes. Answer : (d)

The coconut fruit is a drupe fruit, and its edible part is the endosperm. Answer : (d)

Nepenthes is a genus of carnivorous plants, also known as tropical pitcher plants, or monkey cups, in the monotypic family Nepenthaceae. Bladderwort, (genus Utricularia), genus of carnivorous plants in the family Lentibulariaceae (order Lamiales). Answer : (b)

The division of the apical meristem into two independently functioning axes is defined as dichotomous branching. This type of branching typically occurs in non-vascular and non-seed vascular plants, whereas in seed plants it presents a primary growth form only in several taxa. Liverworts are dichotomously branched Answer : (a)

The middle lamella is the part of cell wall that is the outermost layer in between cells. It is rich in pectin that cements the primary cell walls of adjacent cells together. It renders stability, and form plasmodesmata between cells. The middle lamella contains calcium and magnesium pectates. Loosening of the primary wall and/or middle lamella causes the attractive textural changes that characterize ripening. Answer : (c)

Answer : (c)

A flower in which only one set of essential organ is present is said to be unisexual Answer : (d)

Sorosis is the composite fruit that develops from spike and catkin, eg, in pineapple edible part develops from perianth and peduncle. Answer : (d)

The paired petal-like bracts of Euphorbia section Goniostema are called cyathophylls. here female to male flower ratio is one : many Answer : (b)

Liliaceae herbs rarely shrubs, stem underground rhizome, corm or bulb; leaves alternate, flowers actinomorphic, trimerous, hypogynous, perianth 6 in two whorls of 3 each, free or fused; stamen 3+3, epiphyllous, antiphyllous; gynoecium tricarpellary, syncarpous, ovary superior, axile placentation, two to many ovules per loculus; fruit capsule or berry; seed endospermic. Answer : (a)

Axile type of placentation is seen in lemon and tomato. In this type of placentation, the ovary is partitioned into two or more chambers by septa. Answer : (d)

Heterophylly is the presence of differently shaped leaves on the same shoot or on different shoots of the same plant. Answer : (a)

Velamen an outer layer of empty cells in the aerial roots of epiphytic orchids and aroids. Epiphytic roots are the roots that grow on the surface of a plant and derives its moisture and nutrients from the air,rain,water or from debris accumulating around it. The velamen surrounds the orchid root and acts like a sponge, accumulating water, which is transported via special passage cells to the pipeline (stele) inside the root and from there nutrients go to pseudobulbs and leaves. Answer : (d)

The part of the embryonic axis that projects above the cotyledons is known as the epicotyl. Answer : (a)

Orchids have clinging roots that are modified adventitious roots meant for providing mechanical support. Answer : (b)

Monocarpic plants are those that flower, set seeds and then die. Bamboo plant will flower, go to seed, and then die. Answer : (c)

Indian fig tree, also termed as Banyan tree is the National tree of India. Ficus Bengalensis is the scientific name of national tree of India. Answer : (c)

In floral formula, (K) denotes polysepalous condition. Polysepalous, having the sepals separate from each other. Answer : (b)

Epiphytes are plants that grow attached to other plants. Epiphytes and climbing plants have aerial roots that anchor the plant to the bark, branch or another surface on which it grows. Aerial roots of some epiphytes are specialized not only for anchorage but some have photosynthetic roots (some epiphytic orchids), some absorb water. Answer : (a)

Answer : (b)

In Cocos nucifera (coconut) milky endosperm is found in which many nuclei, vitamins and growth hormone e.g., cytokinins, auxin and induced cytokinin is found. Answer : (b)

Lateral roots are produced when cells in the pericycle, the layer of cells surrounding the central vascular cylinder, begin to divide, form additional cell layers that push through the outer cell layers of the primary root, and ultimately organize a second root meristem. Answer : (d)

The scientific name of the sunflower is “Helianthus annuus”. Answer : (c)

In sweetpea (Pisum sativum), the placentation is marginal, in which the placenta develops along the junction of two carpels, in a unilocular ovary Answer : (b)

Obligate parasite – a parasite that cannot complete its life cycle without a host. The genus Cuscuta (Convolvulaceae) is an obligate stem parasite Answer : (c)