VASCULAR SPASM1) the first stage of hemostasis2) involves vasoconstrictionPLATELET PLUG FORMATION1) the second stage in hemostasis2) involves the disruption of prostacyclin3) involves endothelial collagen exposure4) involes degranulation and serotonin, thromboxan A2 & ADPCOAGULATION1) the last stage in hemostasis2) also known as clotting3) involves the conversion of fibrinogin to fibrin 4) includes intrinsic and extrinsic pathways/mechanisms

C) are broken down by macrophages into amino acids. A) are converted into biliverdin by macrophages. B) are converted into bilirubin by macrophages. C) are broken down by macrophages into amino acids. D) are stored in various tissues. E) contribute to the color of feces.

RBC Count - 1Hemoglobin Concentration - 3Hematocrit - 2

A) Erythrocyte (RBC's): 1) Transportation of respiratory gasesB) Lymphocyte: 1) Differentiate into cells that produce antibodies2) Include B & T cell subpopulations3) Include memory cell lines4) Destroy cancerous and virally infected cellsC) Neutrophil:1) Increase in number during bacterial infectionsD) Basophil:1) Vasodilatory and anticoagulatory function2) Vitally important initiators of the inflammatory responseE) Eosinophil:1) Increase in number during parasitic infectionsF) Monocyte:1) Involved with immune clearance2) Differentiate into dendritic cells and tissue macrophages

PLURIPOTENT STEM CELLcell that forms ALL cell linesCOLONY-FORMING UNITerythrocyte that has receptors for factors that stimulate developmentPRECURSOR CELLS reticulocyteMATURE CELLerythrocyte

True

1) There are THREE hemostatic mechanisms.2) First, VASCULAR spasm constricts the broken blood vessel, reducing hemorrhage.3) In platelet plug formation, a large mass of platelets AGGREGATE and undergo degranulation.4) Degranulation PROMOTES hemostasis.5) COAGULATION finishes the process by clotting the blood and protecting the body from excess blood loss.

1) Hypoxia is inadequate oxygen TRANSPORT and can be detected by the kidneys and liver.2) When detected ERYTHROPOIETIN is produced and secreted.3) The hormone will stimulate the red bone marrow to PRODUCE RBCs.4) This will result in an increase of OXYGEN transport throughout the body. 5) Thus the correction of hypoxemia is controlled by a NEGATIVE feedback loop.

Erythrocyte - plain pink, shape of platelet, no visible nucleus in pictureNeutrophil - most common leukocyte (60-70%); multiple lobes, pink, small granules Monocyte - (3-8%) blue, large U-shaped nucleus, not perfect circleEosinophil - (2-4%) large, rosy-orange granules; bilobed nucleus Basophils - least common leukocyte (<1%), large, abundant, violet granules (obscure large, S-shaped nucleus), large, U-shaped nucleus with large granulesLymphocyte - (25-33%) agranular, minimum cytoplasm to nucleus ratio, large nucleus that takes up almost entirety of cell

Plasma: glucose, chloride, hormones, fibrinogen, antibodiesFormed elements: Monocytes, leukocytes, neutrophils, erythrocytes, platelets

B) heme, biliverdin, bilirubin, conjugated bilirubin, bilirubin derivatives, feces and urine. A) heme, bilirubin, biliverdin, conjugated biliverdin, biliverdin derivatives, feces and urine. B) heme, biliverdin, bilirubin, conjugated bilirubin, bilirubin derivatives, feces and urine. C) heme, bilirubin, conjugated biliverdin, biliverdin, biliverdin derivatives, feces and urine. D) heme, biliverdin, conjugated bilirubin, bilirubin, bilirubin derivatives, feces and urine. E) heme, conjugated biliverdin, biliverdin, bilirubin, conjugated bilirubin, feces and urine.

1) Plasma (55% of whole blood) - This is the straw colored matrix of connective blood tissue.2) Buffy Coat (<1%) - This is composed of leukocytes and platelets.3) Erythrocytes (45% of whole blood) - These are red blood cells.

Neutrophils - 60-70%Monocytes - 3-8%Lymphocytes - 25-33%Basophils - <0.5%Eosinophils - 2-4%

COMPATIBLE:1) O- given to A+2) B- given to AB+3) O- given to O+NOT COMPATIBLE:1) A+ given to O-2) AB- given to A+3) AB+ given to O-4) O+ given to AB-5) AB- given to O+6) AB- given to B-7) B+ given to A+8) A+ given to AB-

Correct:They secrete procoagulants, or clotting factors, which promote blood clotting.Incorrect: 1) They secrete factors that inhibit mitosis in fibroblasts and smooth muscle.2) They secrete vasodilators.3) They prevent the formation of a clot-dissolving enzyme that dissolves blood clots which have outlasted their usefulness.4) They secrete chemicals that repel neutrophils and monocytes.

NEUTROPHIL1) increase in number during bacterial infectionsERYTHROCYTE1) transportation of respiratory gasesBASOPHIL1) initiate the inflammatory response2) vasodilatory and vasocoagulatory functionLYMPHOCYTE1) includes b- and t-cell subpopulations2) destroy cancerous and virally infected cells3) differentiate into cells that produce antibodies4) include memory cell linesEOSINOPHIL1) increase in number during parasitic infectionsMONOCYTE1) differentiate into dendritic cells and tissue macrophages2) involved with immune clearance

D) is transported by transferrin to the liver, spleen, and red bone marrow.A) is transported by transferrin to the liver. B) is transported by transferrin to the spleen. C) is transported by transferrin to the red bone marrow. D) is transported by transferrin to the liver, spleen, and red bone marrow.

plasmin

1) As an RBC ages and its membrane PROTEINS deteriorate, the membrane becomes fragile. 2) Without a NUCLEUS the RBC cannot synthesize the protein spectrin found in the membrane.3) Many of these deteriorated RBCs die in the SPLEEN.4) Additionally, the kidneys can break up an RBC and split the HEMOGLOBIN molecules up to release recyclable portions.