Chromatography is one of the most important technique for the separation of a mixture by passing it in solution or suspension through a medium in which the components move at different rates. Mixtures that are suitable for separation by chromatography include inks, dyes and colouring agents in food.

Sublimation is a chemical process where solid is converted into a gas without going through a liquid stage. At standard, atmospheric pressure, a few solids which will sublime are iodine, carbon dioxide, naphthalene and arsenic.

Some elements show the properties between metals and non-metals and are known as metalloids such as boron, silicon etc.

A mixture in which its components do not mix with each other and the distribution of components in different parts of the mixture is not uniform is called heterogeneous mixture.

Distillation is a procedure by which two liquids with different boiling points can be separated or it is a process in which the components of a substance or liquid mixture are separated by heating it to a certain temperature and condensing the resulting vapours.

When the particles present in the fluid are so small that they crosses the pores of the filter sheet, so these particles are not separated by filter method. When these mixtures are rotated quickly, heavy particles sit down and the light particles remain above. This is centrifugation technique or we can say that Centrifugation is a technique used for the separation of particles from a solution according to their size, shape, density, viscosity of the medium and rotor speed.

A process by which molecules of a solvent tend to pass through a semi-permeable membrane from a less concentrated solution into a more concentrated one is known as osmosis.

Two or more elements or compounds when mixed in any proportion so that the chemical properties of the components do not change, then it is called a mixture.

Boyle's law, the pressure of certain quantities of gas on stable heat is inversely proportional to its volume.