MCQ Questions
Q.1.
Government deficits tend to increase during
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    Congress increases the income tax rate.
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    A tax cut is designed to stimulate spending during a recession.
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    Shift the aggregate demand curve to the right.
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    Periods of war and recession.
Q.2.
Which of the following is an appropriate discretionary fiscal policy if equilibrium real GDP falls below potential real​ GDP?
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    An increase in government purchases
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    A significant increase in inflation.
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    An increase in taxes.
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    An increase in government purchases.
Q.3.
Which of the following would be considered a fiscal policy​ action?
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    Periods of war and recession.
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    interest on the national​ debt, grants to state and local​ governments, and transfer payments.
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    A tax cut is designed to stimulate spending during a recession.
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    Congress increases the income tax rate.
Q.4.
If the economy is falling below potential real​ GDP, which would be an appropriate fiscal policy to bring the economy back to​ long-run aggregate​ supply?
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    An increase in government purchases.
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    a​ $300 billion decrease in GDP
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    a decrease of less than​ $80 billion
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    An increase in taxes.
Q.5.
The government purchases multiplier equals the change in​ ________ divided by the change in​ ________.
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    A significant increase in inflation.
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    equilibrium real​ GDP; government purchases
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    equilibrium real​ GDP; taxes
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    private​ expenditures; government purchases
Q.6.
During 1970−​1997, the U.S. federal government was
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    A budget surplus results.
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    Rises because of programs such as unemployment insurance and Medicaid.
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    individual income taxes.
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    In deficit every year.
Q.7.
Contractionary fiscal policy to prevent real GDP from rising above potential real GDP would cause the inflation rate to be​ ________ and real GDP to be​ _________.
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    taxes; expenditures
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    Increasing government purchases or decreasing taxes.
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    lower; lower
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    higher; higher
Q.8.
Suppose the government spending multiplier isThe federal government cuts spending by​ $40 billion. What is the change in GDP if the price level is not held​ constant?
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    a decrease of less than​ $80 billion
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    less than​ $500 billion.
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    An increase in taxes.
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    decrease; rise; fall
Q.9.
Crowding​ out, following an increase in government​ spending, results from​ (the exchange rate is the foreign exchange price of the domestic​ currency)
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    higher interest rates and higher exchange rates.
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    equilibrium real​ GDP; government purchases
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    decrease taxes to increase consumer disposable income.
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    private​ expenditures; government purchases
Q.10.
Suppose real GDP is​ $13 trillion, potential real GDP is​ $13.5 trillion, and Congress and the president plan to use fiscal policy to restore the economy to potential real GDP. Assuming a constant price​ level, Congress and the president would need to increase government purchases by
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    automatic stabilizers.
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    More than $200 billion.
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    a decrease of less than​ $80 billion
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    less than​ $500 billion.
Q.11.
Expansionary fiscal policy to prevent real GDP from falling below potential real GDP would cause the inflation rate to be​ ________ and real GDP to be​ ________.
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    higher; higher
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    Shift the aggregate demand curve to the right.
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    taxes; expenditures
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    lower; lower
Q.12.
Expansionary fiscal policy involves
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    Increasing government purchases or decreasing taxes.
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    higher; higher
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    Shift the aggregate demand curve to the right.
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    federal taxes and purchases that are intended to achieve macroeconomic policy objectives.
Q.13.
Which of the following would be classified as fiscal​ policy?
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    decrease taxes to increase consumer disposable income.
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    The federal government cuts taxes to stimulate the economy.
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    A significant increase in inflation.
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    The total value of U.S. Treasury bonds outstanding.
Q.14.
Automatic stabilizers refer to
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    government spending and taxes that automatically increase or decrease along with the business cycle.
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    have risen from 25 percent to about 48 percent of federal government expenditures.
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    The total value of U.S. Treasury bonds outstanding.
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    more sensitive​ consumption, investment, and net exports are to changes in interest rates.
Q.15.
The federal government debt as a percentage of GDP fell
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    The total value of U.S. Treasury bonds outstanding.
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    individual income taxes.
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    From 1998-2001.
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    transfer payments.
Q.16.
Fiscal policy is defined as changes in federal​ ________ and​ ________ to achieve macroeconomic objectives such as price​ stability, high rates of economic​ growth, and high employment.
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    federal taxes and purchases that are intended to achieve macroeconomic policy objectives.
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    higher; higher
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    lower; lower
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    taxes; expenditures
Q.17.
An increase in the sensitivity of private spending​ (consumption, investment, and net​ exports) to changes in the interest rate​ ________ the government purchases multiplier.
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    will decrease.
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    - Make domestic businesses less competitive in international markets as the dollar appreciates in value.- Raise interest rates and reduce consumer expenditures on automobiles and new houses.- Reduce investment in new capital.
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    More than $200 billion.
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    automatic stabilizers.
Q.18.
Crowding out refers to a decline in​ ________ as a result of an increase in​ ________.
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    private​ expenditures; government purchases
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    equilibrium real​ GDP; taxes
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    equilibrium real​ GDP; government purchases
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    more sensitive​ consumption, investment, and net exports are to changes in interest rates.
Q.19.
The federal government debt equals
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    decrease taxes to increase consumer disposable income.
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    equilibrium real​ GDP; government purchases
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    The total value of U.S. Treasury bonds outstanding.
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    From 1998-2001.
Q.20.
If the federal​ government's expenditures are less than its tax​ revenues, then
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    transfer payments.
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    An increase in government purchases.
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    equilibrium real​ GDP; taxes
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    A budget surplus results.
Q.21.
An increase in government spending may expedite recovery from a recession in the short run, but in the long-run, ​this policy may
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    - Make domestic businesses less competitive in international markets as the dollar appreciates in value.- Raise interest rates and reduce consumer expenditures on automobiles and new houses.- Reduce investment in new capital.
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    More than $200 billion.
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    automatic stabilizers.
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    decrease taxes to increase consumer disposable income.
Q.22.
If the tax multiplier is minus−1.5 and a​ $200 billion tax increase is​ implemented, what is the change in​ GDP, holding all else​ constant? ​
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    equilibrium real​ GDP; taxes
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    An increase in government purchases.
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    a​ $300 billion decrease in GDP
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    An increase in government purchases
Q.23.
The three categories of federal government​ expenditures, in addition to government​ purchases, are
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    Increasing government purchases or decreasing taxes.
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    Shift the aggregate demand curve to the right.
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    lower; lower
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    interest on the national​ debt, grants to state and local​ governments, and transfer payments.
Q.24.
An increase in government purchases of​ $200 billion will shift the aggregate demand curve to the right by
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    will decrease.
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    increase; fall; rise
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    less than​ $500 billion.
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    More than $200 billion.
Q.25.
During​ recessions, government expenditure automatically
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    private​ expenditures; government purchases
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    The federal government cuts taxes to stimulate the economy.
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    Rises because of programs such as unemployment insurance and Medicaid.
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    In deficit every year.
Q.26.
A recession tends to cause the federal budget deficit to​ ________ because tax revenues​ ________ and government spending on transfer payments​ _________.
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    a decrease of less than​ $80 billion
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    An increase in government purchases.
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    increase; fall; rise
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    automatic stabilizers.
Q.27.
To combat a recession with discretionary fiscal​ policy, Congress and the president should
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    decrease taxes to increase consumer disposable income.
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    private​ expenditures; government purchases
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    a decrease of less than​ $80 billion
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    more sensitive​ consumption, investment, and net exports are to changes in interest rates.
Q.28.
The tax multiplier equals the change in​ ________ divided by the change in​ ________.
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    equilibrium real​ GDP; government purchases
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    equilibrium real​ GDP; taxes
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    a​ $300 billion decrease in GDP
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    individual income taxes.
Q.29.
Fiscal policy refers to changes in
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    Shift the aggregate demand curve to the right.
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    federal taxes and purchases that are intended to achieve macroeconomic policy objectives.
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    Increasing government purchases or decreasing taxes.
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    lower; lower