The theory that explains the evolution of chloroplasts and mitochondria is: - endosymbiosis. - symbiosis. - punctuated equilibrium. - evolution.

Which of the following organelles is involved in the modification, packaging, and secretion of materials? - Lysosomes - Centrioles - Mitochondria - Golgi apparatus

In bacteria, photosynthetic pigments are found in - Chromatophores. - Ribosomes. - Chloroplasts. - Mesosomes. - Cytoplasm.

The major site of cell membrane synthesis in eukaryotes is the - plasma membrane. - lysosome. - nucleus. - endoplasmic reticulum.

Which of the following statements about the glycocalyx is false? - It may be composed of polypeptide. - It may be composed of polysaccharide. - It may be responsible for virulence. - It is used to adhere to surfaces. - It protects from osmotic lysis.

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the plasma membrane? - Contains proteins - Is the site of cell wall formation - Maintains cell shape - Is selectively permeable - Is composed of a phospholipid bilayer

Which drawing in Figure A is streptococci? - b - d - c - e - a

Archaeal cell walls - lack murein and D-amino acids. - are similar to those of gram-negative bacteria. - include orthomureine. - are disrupted by treatment with lysozyme or penicillin.

A cell placed in a hypertonic solution will - divide. - both gain and lose water equally. - gain more water than it loses. - neither gain nor lose water. - lose more water than it gains.

Which of the following statements about gram-negative cell walls is false? - They are sensitive to penicillin. - Their Gram reaction is due to the outer membrane. - They are toxic to humans. - They protect the cell in a hypotonic environment. - They have an extra outer layer composed of lipoproteins, lipopolysaccharides, and phospholipids.

Which of the following is not true of bacterial plasmids? - They may carry genes that enhance survival of the bacterium under certain conditions. - They may carry genes for drug resistance. - They are required for host growth and/or reproduction. - They can replicate independently of the chromosome.

Proteinacious projections from the surface of a bacterium that are used to mediate conjugation are called sex ________, whereas projections that mediate attachment to surfaces such as host cells are called ________.

By which of the following mechanisms can a cell transport a substance from a lower to a higher concentration? - Extracellular enzymes - Simple diffusion - Aquaporins - Facilitated diffusion - Active transport

Which of the following is NOT a distinguishing characteristic of prokaryotic cells? - They lack a plasma membrane. - Their DNA is not associated with histones. - They lack membrane-enclosed organelles. - Their DNA is not enclosed within a membrane. - They have cell walls containing peptidoglycan.

Intracellular granules of organic or inorganic material that are stockpiled by bacteria for future use are called ________.

When the cell wall is removed from a Gram-negative bacterium, the resulting form is called a(n) ________.

In many spirochetes, multiple flagella combine to form a bundle known as a(n) ________ filament, which winds around the cell and confers motility on the cell.

Which of the following statements about prokaryotic cells is generally false? - They are motile by means of flagella. - They possess 80S ribosomes. - They lack membrane-bound nuclei. - They reproduce by binary fission. - They have a semirigid cell wall.

Which drawing in Figure A is a bacillius? - e - b - a - c - d

Which mechanism of cell transport is not seen in bacteria? - Group translocation - Active transport - Endocytosis - Facilitated diffusion - Simple diffusion

All of the following statements about the periplasmic space are true except: - It is located between the plasma membrane and outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria. - It contains digestive enzymes. - All of the choices are true. - It is found only in gram-positive bacteria.

The lipopolysaccharide (LPS) that is found in the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria is also known as - endotoxin. - murein. - exotoxin. - teichoic acid.

Which of the following is NOT a chemical component of a bacterial cell wall? - Peptidoglycan - Cellulose - Teichoic acids - Peptide chains - N-acetylmuramic acid

_______ are the site of protein synthesis in the cell.

_______ is a peptidoglycan-like molecule found in the cell walls of some archaea.

Which of the following organelles most closely resembles a prokaryotic cell? - Cell wall - Golgi complex - Vacuole - Mitochondrion - Nucleus

Where are phospholipids most likely found in a prokaryotic cell? - B and C - Ribosomes - Flagella - Around organelles - Plasma membrane

Which of the following pairs is mismatched? - Golgi complex — secretion - Endoplasmic reticulum — internal transport - Mitochondria — ATP production - Lysosome — digestive enzymes - Centrosome — food storage

________ is the process through which endospores are formed within a vegetative cell.

The organelle that can oxidize fatty acids and store catalase to break down accumulated toxic oxygen forms is - mitochondria. - centrioles. - lysosomes. - peroxisomes

Bacteria that do not have a fixed shape are said to be ________.

Which of the following would NOT be a tenet to the cell theory? - cells have genetic material - new cells arise only from preexisting cells - the cell is the basic unit of life - all living things are made of cells - only eukaryotes are made of cells

Some species of aquatic bacteria use inclusion bodies known as ________ to orient themselves in Earth's magnetic field.