Farmers often have trouble with their topsoil washing away during times of heavy rainfall. What could they do to keep the soil from washing away or eroding?
Keep pigs in the field.
Plant crops in valleys rather than on hills.
Try to create a place for the water to run off.
Q.2.
In a drought, farmers often have problems with their topsoil blowing away when it gets really dry. What could farmers do to keep the lightweight, dry soil from blowing away or eroding?
Plant the seeds farther apart.
Surround the fields with natural barriers, such as trees to block the wind.
Keep cows in the field.
Q.3.
Organic matter is a main part of soil. What is the other main part of soil?
worms
dirt
water
inorganic matter
Q.4.
The land feature formed when sediment is deposited at the mouth of a river is called a(n) ____________.
beach
dune
canyon
delta
Q.5.
The type of plate boundary where two plates come together is a .....
Convergent Boundary
Divergent Boundary
Transform Boundary
Plate Boundary
Q.6.
In the erosion lab, the larger, heavier sediments were generally deposited in the canyon and alluvial fan. Why did this happen?
the sediments were able to flow a long distance
the sediments couldn't be carried as far
Q.7.
Cause: Erosion of land on an inland farm.
Effect: Waves erode the shoreline and carry grains of sand away. People can use sandbags to stop erosion along the coast.
Effect: Rain can wash away the topsoil, which is the soil with the most nutrients for plants. Farmers can slow erosion by planting trees around their fields. Their roots will help keep the soil in place.
There is no effect of erosion on an inland farm.
Q.8.
In the rock cycle, what causes metamorphic rock to form?
red, hot magma
heat and pressure
erosion
wind
Q.9.
In the rock cycle, what causes sedimentary rock to form?
compaction and cementation
melting
heat and pressure
red, hot magma
Q.10.
Mount Everest grows 2 inches per year as the tectonic plates below it move toward each other. Which of Earth's processes causes this?
weathering
Earth crust movement
land mass motion
erosion and deposition
Q.11.
In the rock cycle, what causes igneous rock to form?
heat and pressure
weathering and erosion
tectonic plates
the cooling of magma
Q.12.
After a very heavy rain, a large amount of Earth breaks loose on a hillside. Which of Earth's processes caused this?
glacier movement
weathering
land mass motion
volcanic eruptions
Q.13.
Sand dunes in the Middle East are created when the wind moves sand from deserts to new places. The sand being moved to a new location is an example of which of Earth's processes?
erosion and deposition
glacier movement
Earth crust movement
land mass motion
Q.14.
In the erosion lab, the smaller and lighter sediments, such as clay and silt, were generally deposited downstream in the basin. Why did this happen?
the sediments were able to flow a long distance
the sediments couldn't be carried as far
Q.15.
The Hawaiian Islands were formed as a result of _____________.
deposition
glaciers
hurricanes
volcanic activity
Q.16.
Hurricanes can be harmful.
True, rain and storm surges can cause flooding. Strong winds can destroy homes and other buildings.
False, hurricanes are not harmful.
Q.17.
Hurricanes can be helpful.
True, hurricanes provide a lot of rain that keeps wells flowing. They may also remove non-native plant species from the ground so native species have room to grow.
False, hurricanes cannot be helpful.
Q.18.
Complete the statement: 1.______________ breaks rock down into tiny particles (sediment). Over time, 2.__________________, along with particles of organic material, are formed. The top layers 3.____________ on the bottom layers, forming sedimentary rocks.
Weathering 2. many layers of particles 3. press
Many layers of particles 2.press 3.weathering
Weathering 2. press 3. many layers of particles
Q.19.
Cause: Erosion of land next to the ocean.
Effect: Waves erode the shoreline and carry grains of sand away. People can use sandbags to stop erosion along the coast.
Effect: Rain can wash away the topsoil, which is the soil with the most nutrients for plants. Farmers can slow erosion by planting trees around their fields. Their roots will help keep the soil in place.
There is no effect of erosion on land next to the ocean.
Q.20.
Rock once melted, cooled and hardened
metamorphic rock
sedimentary rock
fossils
igneous rock
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