A technique for making millions of copies of a specific region of DNA.
DNA ligase
restriction enzymes
gel electrophoresis
polymerase chain reaction
Q.2.
Why must annealing of primers take place at between- 65oC?
To prevent Taq polymerase from denaturing, allowing it to catalyse the binding of primers to the target gene.
To ensure that primer annealing happens quickly - higher rate of reaction as temperature is high.
To allow the formation of hydrogen bonds between the primer and target gene.
To prevent the formation of hydrogen bonds between the primer and target gene.
Q.3.
What is the best definition for "primer"?
An oligonucleotide of unknown sequence that is used to amplify the target gene.
An oligonucleotide of known sequence that is used to amplify the target gene.
An oligonucleotide of known sequence that is annealed to the target gene, allowing Taq polymerase to bind.
A section of DNA on the target gene that is the binding site for Taq polymerase.
Q.4.
At what temperature does denaturation take place in PCR?
50 - 65oC
94oC
37oC
72oC
Q.5.
At what temperature does annealing of primers take place in PCR?
50 - 65oC
94oC
37oC
72oC
Q.6.
At what temperature does extension of the target gene take place in PCR?
50 - 65oC
94oC
37oC
72oC
Q.7.
What is the name of the enzyme used to extend the target gene?
Tac polymerase
Taq polymerase
DNA polymerase
Yak polymerase
Q.8.
What is the best definition for "dNTP"
A nitrogenous base bound to a 5 carbon sugar with 3 phosphate groups bound to the sugar.
A nitrogenous base bound to a 5 carbon sugar.
The generic name for a nucleotide base.
The generic name for a nucleoside base.
Q.9.
[Bonus!] You decide to use PCR to determine if you have the allele for cystic fibrosis, a genetic disorder. You then decide to also check if you have the allele of a different gene that puts you at risk for developing Alzheimers disease.What PCR "ingredient" would be different in these two tests?
Template DNA
Nucleotides
Taq DNA polymerase
Primers
Q.10.
Why is Taq DNA polymerase special?
It can separate DNA strands quickly
It can read template DNA quickly
It can withstand high temperatures needed for PCR
It isn't special - all type of cells make Taq DNA polymerase
Q.11.
During PCR annealing phase, primers are able to
bind to random sequences
bind to complementary DNA sequences
bind to exactly the same DNA sequences
bind to antisense DNA
Q.12.
A scientist isolates a cell line characterized by unusual cell division. In these cells, many small fragments of DNA are found. A defective ____ enzyme may be responsible.
DNA ligase
DNA polymerase I
DNA polymerase III
Primase
Q.13.
If DNA polymerase could add bases in thetodirection, there would be no need for
Okazaki fragments
DNA ligase
Primase
Helicase
Q.14.
The enzyme ________ unwinds and unzips the DNA double helix.
DNA polymerase
Helicase
DNA ligase
Topoisomerase
Q.15.
DNA replication results in
2 completely new DNA molecules
2 DNA molecules that each contain a strand of the original DNA molecule
1 new DNA molecule and 1 original DNA molecule
2 DNA molecules, each with original and new parts of DNA interspersed
Q.16.
Replication proceeds in a ____ to _____ direction.
3' to 5'
3' to 3'
5' to 3'
5' to 5'
Q.17.
Starting with 15N(heavy) DNA, and after one generation in themedium, Escherichia coli cells will contain
all 15N14N (hybrid) DNA.
half 15N15N DNA (heavy) and half 14N14N DNA (light).
half 14N14N (light) DNA and half 15N14N (hybrid) DNA.
all 14N14N (light) DNA.
Q.18.
Which radioactive element was used in Meselson and Stahl's experiments?
14C
15N
32P
35S
Q.19.
Which scientists proved that DNA replication is semi-conservative?
Hershey and Chase
Watson and Crick
Meselson and Stahl
Franklin and Wilkins
Q.20.
What type of bonds hold the two strands of DNA together?
Hydrogen bonds
Covalent bonds
Dipole-Dipole bonds
Ionic bonds
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