Why does fractional distillation of crude oil work?
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Because the chemicals in crude oil have the same melting points
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Because the chemicals in crude oil boil at different temperatures
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Because the chemicals in crude oil have different viscosities
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Because the chemicals in crude oil are very volatile
Q.2.
What happens to the chemicals in the crude oil vapour as they rise?
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Nothing, they remain vapourised
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As they reach an area that is the same temperature as their boiling point they condense
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As they reach an area that is the same temperature as their melting point they condense
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They react together to form fuels
Q.3.
Which of the following is required for cracking?
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High temperatures
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Hydrogen
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A catalyst
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Large hydrocarbon molecules
Q.4.
Most of the fractions of crude oil are used as what?
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Food
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Fuel
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Drugs
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Plastics
Q.5.
Crude oil is put into the fractionating column in what form?
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As a hot vapour
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As a cold vapour
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As a hot liquid
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As a cold liquid
Q.6.
Which of the following statements best describes the molecules in crude oil?
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The molecules in crude oil are not chemically combined
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The molecules in crude oil are chemically combined
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The molecules in crude oil are all very large
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The molecules in crude oil are all very small
Q.7.
Where are the coolest temperatures in the fractionating column?
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At the very bottom
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Just above the bottom
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Somewhere in the middle
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At the very top
Q.8.
The demand for certain fractions of oil is greater or smaller than the output, for example, there is not enough of the fraction containing the chemicals used as fuel for cars, and there is more of the bitumen fraction than can be used. How is this problem solved?
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Some of the gas molecules are joined together to make bigger molecules like petrol and diesel
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More roads are built to use up the bitumen fraction
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Some of the molecules in the bitumen fraction are cracked
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More oil is distilled so that enough of each fraction is made, the unused products are then thrown away
Q.9.
The chemicals from crude oil are mainly alkanes. Which of the following statements best describes alkanes?
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Alkanes are hydrocarbons with sulfur molecules attached
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Alkanes are hydrocarbons with multiple bonds between the carbon atoms
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Alkanes are hydrocarbons with single bonds between the carbon atoms
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Alkanes are hydrocarbons made from carbon atoms alternating with hydrogen and oxygen atoms in a long chain
Q.10.
At an oil refinery, how often is oil put into the fractional distillation column?
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Once a day
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Twice a day
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Every hour
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All the time
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